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We review some recent development in the theory of spatial extremes related to Pareto Processes and modeling of threshold exceedances. We provide theoretical background, methodology for modeling, simulation and inference as well as an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Clement Dombry , Juliette Legrand , Thomas Opitz

Power law distributions, in particular Pareto distributions, describe data across diverse areas of study. We have developed a package in R to estimate the tail index for such datasets focusing on speed (in particular with large datasets),…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-19 Ranjiva Munasinghe , Pathum Kossinna , Dovini Jayasinghe , Dilanka Wijeratne

Estimation of tail quantities, such as expected shortfall or Value at Risk, is a difficult problem. We show how the theory of nonlinear expectations, in particular the Data-robust expectation introduced in [5], can assist in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-15 Samuel N. Cohen

We introduce a method to estimate simultaneously the tail and the threshold parameters of an extreme value regression model. This standard model finds its use in finance to assess the effect of market variables on extreme loss distributions…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-17 Julien Hambuckers , Marie Kratz , Antoine Usseglio-Carleve

Focusing on regression based analysis of extremes in a presence of systematically missing covariates, this work presents a data-driven spatio-temporal regression based clustering of threshold excesses. It is shown that in a presence of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-02 Olga Kaiser , Dimitri Igdalov , Olivia Martius , Illia Horenko

We present an overview of possible reasons for the appearance of heavy-tailed distributions in applications to the natural sciences. These distributions include the laws of Pareto, Lotka, and some new ones. The reasons are illustrated using…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-24 Lev B. Klebanov , Yulia V. Kuvaeva

A new estimator is proposed for estimating the tail exponent of a heavy-tailed distribution. This estimator, referred to as the layered Hill estimator, is a generalization of the traditional Hill estimator, building upon a layered structure…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Taegyu Kang , Takashi Owada

A variety of estimators for the parameters of the Generalized Pareto distribution, the approximating distribution for excesses over a high threshold, have been proposed, always assuming the underlying data to be independent. We recently…

Applications · Statistics 2016-05-26 Lukas Martig , Jürg Hüsler

The univariate Piecing-Together approach (PT) fits a univariate generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) to the upper tail of a given distribution function in a continuous manner. A multivariate extension was established by Aulbach et al.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-13 Stefan Aulbach , Michael Falk , Martin Hofmann

Some new survival distributions are introduced based on a generalised exponential function. This class of distributions includes heavy-tailed generalisations of exponential, Weibull and gamma distributions. Properties of the distributions…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-03 Rose Baker

Analysis of the rare and extreme values through statistical modeling is an important issue in economical crises, climate forecasting, and risk management of financial portfolios. Extreme value theory provides the probability models needed…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-15 Ali Reza Fotouhi

We give a brief overview on the theory and phenomenology of generalized parton distributions (GPDs), including the recently developed framework of single-diffractive hard exclusive process for matching GPDs to experimental observables. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-24 Jian-Wei Qiu , Zhite Yu

For measuring tail risk with scarce extreme events, extreme value analysis is often invoked as the statistical tool to extrapolate to the tail of a distribution. The presence of large datasets benefits tail risk analysis by providing more…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-18 Liujun Chen , Deyuan Li , Chen Zhou

In this paper, we propose an estimator of the second-order parameter of randomly right-truncated Pareto-type distributions data and establish its consistency and asymptotic normality. Moreover, we derive an asymptotically unbiased estimator…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-21 Nawel Haouas , Abdelhakim Necir , Brahim Brahimi

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is a widely researched topic with broad applications in weather forecasting, traffic control, and stock price prediction. Extreme values in time series often significantly impact human and natural systems, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jincheng Wang , Yue Gao

Permutation procedures are common practice in hypothesis testing when distributional assumptions about the test statistic are not met or unknown. With only few permutations, empirical p-values lie on a coarse grid and may even be zero when…

In fields such as hydrology and climatology, modelling the entire distribution of positive data is essential, as stakeholders require insights into the full range of values, from low to extreme. Traditional approaches often segment the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-03 Carlo Gaetan , Philippe Naveau

Bias reduction in tail estimation has received considerable interest in extreme value analysis. Estimation methods that minimize the bias while keeping the mean squared error (MSE) under control, are especially useful when applying…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Gaonyalelwe Maribe , Andréhette Verster , Jan Beirlant

Despite the successes of probabilistic models based on passing noise through neural networks, recent work has identified that such methods often fail to capture tail behavior accurately, unless the tails of the base distribution are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-16 Feynman Liang , Liam Hodgkinson , Michael W. Mahoney

Estimating the tail index parameter is one of the primal objectives in extreme value theory. For heavy-tailed distributions the Hill estimator is the most popular way to estimate the tail index parameter. Improving the Hill estimator was…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-05 László Németh , András Zempléni