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"Flat origami" refers to the folding of flat, zero-curvature paper such that the finished object lies in a plane. Mathematically, flat origami consists of a continuous, piecewise isometric map $f:P\subseteq\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}^2$ along…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Thomas C. Hull , Inna Zakharevich

We investigate the graphs formed from the vertices and creases of an origami pattern that can be folded flat along all of its creases. As we show, this is possible for a tree if and only if the internal vertices of the tree all have even…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-07-16 David Eppstein

A tanglegram consists of two rooted binary trees and a perfect matching between their leaves, and a planar tanglegram is one that admits a layout with no crossings. We show that the problem of generating planar tanglegrams uniformly at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-13 Alexander E. Black , Kevin Liu , Alex Mcdonough , Garrett Nelson , Michael C. Wigal , Mei Yin , Youngho Yoo

We revisit the field content and consistency of the New General Relativity family of theories. These theories are constructed in a geometrical framework with a flat and metric-compatible connection, so the affine structure is entirely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-15 Jose Beltrán Jiménez , Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos

We present convergence theory for corrected quadrature rules on uniform Cartesian grids for functions with a point singularity. We begin by deriving an error estimate for the punctured trapezoidal rule, and then derive error expansions. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Federico Izzo , Olof Runborg , Richard Tsai

We prove that the pleated hyperbolic paraboloid, a familiar origami model known since 1927, in fact cannot be folded with the standard crease pattern in the standard mathematical model of zero-thickness paper. In contrast, we show that the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2009-06-26 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Vi Hart , Gregory N. Price , Tomohiro Tachi

Periodic origami patterns made with repeating unit cells of creases and panels bend and twist in complex ways. In principle, such soft modes of deformation admit a simplified asymptotic description in the limit of a large number of cells.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-03 Hu Xu , Ian Tobasco , Paul Plucinsky

In this article we discuss classical theorems from Convex Geometry in the context of topological drawings and beyond. In a simple topological drawing of the complete graph $K_n$, any two edges share at most one point: either a common vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Helena Bergold , Stefan Felsner , Manfred Scheucher , Felix Schröder , Raphael Steiner

When can a plane graph with prescribed edge lengths and prescribed angles (from among $\{0,180^\circ, 360^\circ$\}) be folded flat to lie in an infinitesimally thin line, without crossings? This problem generalizes the classic theory of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Zachary Abel , Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , David Eppstein , Anna Lubiw , Ryuhei Uehara

Combinatorial rigidity theory seeks to describe the rigidity or flexibility of bar-joint frameworks in R^d in terms of the structure of the underlying graph G. The goal of this article is to broaden the foundations of combinatorial rigidity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-05 Mike Develin , Jeremy L. Martin , Victor Reiner

A Cellular Automata (CA) rule is presented that can generate "loop patterns" in a 2D grid under fixed boundary conditions. A loop is a cyclically closed path represented by one-cells enclosed by zero-cells. A loop pattern can contain…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-05-30 Rolf Hoffmann , Mariusz Białecki

Polygons are cycles embedded into the plane; their vertices are associated with $x$- and $y$-coordinates and the edges are straight lines. Here, we consider a set of polygons with pairwise non-overlapping interior that may touch along their…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Carsten R. Seemann , Peter F. Stadler , Marc Hellmuth

Kirigami, the art of paper cutting, has become a paradigm for mechanical metamaterials in recent years. The basic building blocks of any kirigami structures are repetitive deployable patterns that derive inspiration from geometric art forms…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-17 Lucy Liu , Gary P. T. Choi , L. Mahadevan

Crossing symmetry asserts that particles are indistinguishable from anti-particles traveling back in time. In quantum field theory, this statement translates to the long-standing conjecture that probabilities for observing the two scenarios…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-05 Sebastian Mizera

We present a link-by-link rule-based method for constructing all members of the ensemble of spanning trees for any recursively generated, finitely articulated graph, such as the DGM net. The recursions allow for many large-scale properties…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-03-14 C. Tyler Diggans , Erik M. Bollt , Daniel ben-Avraham

Folding paper along curves leads to spatial structures that have curved surfaces meeting at spatial creases, defined as curve-fold origami. In this work, we provide an Eulerian framework focusing on the mechanics of arbitrary curve-fold…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-16 Zhixuan Wen , Pengyu Lv , Fan Feng , Huiling Duan

For cellular functions like division and polarization, protein pattern formation driven by NTPase cycles is a central spatial control strategy. Operating far from equilibrium, no general theory links microscopic reaction networks and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Henrik Weyer , Tobias A. Roth , Erwin Frey

A four-bar linkage is a mechanism consisting of four rigid bars which are joined by their endpoints in a polygonal chain and which can rotate freely at the joints (or vertices). We assume that the linkage lies in the 2-dimensional plane so…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-08-24 Alexandre Mauroy , Perouz Taslakian , Stefan Langerman , Raphaël Jungers

In the projective plane, we consider congruences of straight lines with the combinatorics of the square grid and with all elementary quadrilaterals possessing touching inscribed conics. The inscribed conics of two combinatorially…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-21 Alexander I. Bobenko , Alexander Y. Fairley

We develop the details of a surgery theory for contact manifolds of arbitrary dimension via convex structures, extending the 3-dimensional theory developed by Giroux. The theory is analogous to that of Weinstein manifolds in symplectic…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-29 Kevin Sackel