Related papers: From gauge-string duality to strong interactions: …

The effective residual interaction for a system of hadrons has a long tradition in theoretical physics. It has been mostly addressed in terms of boson exchange models. The aim of this review is to describe approaches based on lattice field…

We apply dynamical string models of heavy-ions collisions at high energies to the analysis of event-by-event fluctuations. Main attention is devoted to a new variable proposed to study "equilibration" in heavy-ions collisions. Recent…

Light-front holographic quantum chromodynamics (LFHQCD) has been proposed as an approximation to QCD which is non-perturbative and at the same time analytically tractable. It can be derived from the holographic light-cone Hamiltonian and…

In this article I first give an abbreviated history of string theory and then describe the recently-conjectured field-string duality. This suggests a class of nonsupersymmetric gauge theories which are conformal (CGT) to leading order of…

We discuss string theory methods for the study of strongly coupled holographic defect conformal field theories (CFTs) which are dual to probe-brane systems. First, we examine whether the string theory duals of such defect CFTs are…

Duality, the equivalence between seemingly distinct quantum systems, is a curious property that has been known for at least three quarters of a century. In the past two decades it has played a central role in mapping out the structure of…

The quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram, which reveals the state of strongly interacting matter at different temperatures and densities, is key to answering open questions in physics, ranging from the behavior of particles in neutron…

We review two-dimensional QCD. The report contains: 1. Introduction. 2. QCD$_2$ as a field theory 2.1 The 1/N expansion and spectrum, 2.2 Ambiguity in the self-energy of the quark, 2.3 Polyakov--Wiegmann formula and gauge interactions, 2.4…

Quantum field theories of strongly interacting matter sometimes have a useful holographic description in terms of the variables of a gravitational theory in higher dimensions. This duality maps time dependent physics in the gauge theory to…

We briefly review recent developments of hydrodynamics, its gravitational description and relevance to relativistic heavy ion collisions. We discuss the basics of hydrodynamics, the fluid/gravity correspondence, triangle anomalies and…

We use gauge/string duality to investigate the free energy of two static color sources (a heavy quark-antiquark pair) in a Yang-Mills theory in strongly interacting matter, varying temperature and chemical potential. The dual space geometry…

We develop methods by which cosmic superstring interactions can be studied in detail. These include the reconnection probability and emission of radiation such as gravitons or small string loops. Loop corrections to these are discussed, as…

A brief overview of properties of the model of quantized fragmentation of a helical QCD string is followed by the discussion of colour reconnection models and of the ways to reproduce the evolution of the average transverse momentum in…

We demonstrate that QCD gluon amplitudes can be used to construct a Lagrangian for gravity. This procedure makes use of perturbative `squaring' relations between gravity and gauge theory that follow from string theory. We explicitly carry…

String theory is changing the relationship between mathematics and physics. The central role is played by the phenomenon of duality, which is intrinsic to quantum physics and abundant in string theory.

A method of constructing a canonical gauge invariant quantum formulation for a non-gauge classical theory depending on a set of parameters is advanced and then applied to the theory of closed bosonic string interacting with massive…

The extremely large electromagnetic fields generated in heavy-ion collisions provide access to novel observables that are expected to constrain various key transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma and could help solve one of the…

The dual holographic description has enjoyed many successes in explaining fundamental properties of the early stages of relativistic heavy ion collisions up to the formation of a minimal-viscosity quark-gluon fluid. However, there have been…

QCD at finite temperature below the phase transition should be determined in terms of colour singlet states such as hadrons and strings. We show how quark-hadron duality allows extracting sensible information concerning heavy quark and…

During the last two decades many new insights into the dynamics of strongly coupled quantum many-body systems have been obtained using gauge/gravity duality, with black holes often playing a universal role. In this white paper we summarize…