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The origin of the shallow-decay emission during early X-ray afterglows has been an open issue since the launch of the Swift satellite. One of the appealing models is the late internal dissipation model, where X-ray emission during the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-05-03 Kohta Murase , Kenji Toma , Ryo Yamazaki , Peter Meszaros

Currently, the best available probe of the early phase of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet attributes is the prompt gamma-ray emission, in which several intrinsic and extrinsic variables determine GRB pulse evolution. Bright, usually complex…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. P. Norris , J. T. Bonnell , D. Kazanas , J. D. Scargle , J. Hakkila , T. W. Giblin

The properties of the spectral evolution during the prompt emission phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are closely related to the radiation mechanism (synchrotron or photosphere), are still a subject of debate. Two spectral evolution…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-21 Liang Li

We show that the jet structure of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be investigated with the tail emission of the prompt GRB. The tail emission which we consider is identified as a steep-decay component of the early X-ray afterglow observed by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Kentaro Takami , Ryo Yamazaki , Takanori Sakamoto , Goro Sato

Swift has revealed features in GRB early light curves, such as steep decays and X-ray flares, whose properties are consistent with an internal origin though they are far from understood. The steep X-ray decay is often explained using the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 R. L. C. Starling

Some short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) exhibit a short duration and spectral hard emission (referred to as a "hard spike") followed by a slightly longer soft emission (known as a "soft tail"). We identified nine SGRBs with known redshift in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-04 Naoki Ogino , Daisuke Yonetoku , Makoto Arimoto , Tatsuya Sawano , Hamid Hamidani

The prompt emission of the long, smooth, and single-pulsed gamma-ray burst, GRB $\textit{141028A}$, is analyzed under the guise of an external shock model. First, we fit the $\gamma$-ray spectrum with a two-component photon model, namely…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-25 J. Michael Burgess , Damien Bégué , Felix Ryde , Nicola Omodei , Asaf Pe'er , J. L. Racusin , A. Cucchiara

The X-ray emission from Swift J1644+57 is not steadily decreasing instead it shows multiple pulses with declining amplitudes. We model the pulses as reverse shocks from collisions between the late ejected shells and the externally shocked…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Y. C. Zou , F. Y. Wang , K. S. Cheng

An early steep decay component following the prompt GRBs is commonly observed in {\em Swift} XRT light curves, which is regarded as the tail emission of the prompt gamma-rays. Prompted by the observed strong spectral evolution in the tails…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Bin-Bin Zhang , En-Wei Liang , Bing Zhang

Despite the great variation in the light curves of Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) prompt emission, their spectral energy distribution is generally curved and broadly peaked. In particular, their spectral evolution is well described by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 F. Massaro , J. E. Grindlay

We investigate the origin of the prompt and delayed emission observed in the short GRB 090510. We use the broad-band data to test whether the most popular theoretical models for gamma-ray burst emission can accommodate the observations for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Alessandra Corsi , Dafne Guetta , Luigi Piro

The stochastic gradient noise (SGN) is a significant factor in the success of stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Following the central limit theorem, SGN was initially modeled as Gaussian, and lately, it has been suggested that stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Barak Battash , Ofir Lindenbaum

The Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS) is a project to image the HI line emission and 1.4 GHz continuum in the fourth quadrant of the Milky Way at high resolution using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Parkes Radio…

A study of a set of well-isolated pulses in Long and Intermediate gamma ray burst light curves indicates that simple pulse models having smooth and monotonic pulse rise and decay regions are inadequate. Examining the residuals of fits of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Jon Hakkila , Robert D. Preece

It is widely accepted that the prompt transient signal in the 10 keV - 10 GeV band from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arises from multiple shocks internal to the ultra-relativistic expansion. The detailed understanding of the dissipation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Matthew G. Baring

SSC emission from a reverse shock has been suggested as the origin for the high energy component lasting 2 s in the prompt phase of GRB98080923 (Fraija et al. 2012). The model describes spectral indices, fluxes and the duration of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 J. R. Sacahui , N. Fraija , M. M. González , W. H. Lee

GRB X-ray light curves display rapid declines followed by a gradual steepening or plateau phase in >~ 30% of GRBs in the Swift sample. Treating the standard relativistic blastwave model in a uniform circumburst medium, it is shown that if…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Charles D. Dermer

We study the morphology of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows viewed off-axis using a simplified analytical model. We consider steep jets, which are expected to be the most common type. These jets, characterized by steep lateral gradients in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-18 Ernazar Abdikamalov , Paz Beniamini

We present broadband multi-wavelength observations of GRB 080310 at redshift z = 2.43. This burst was bright and long-lived, and unusual in having extensive optical and near IR follow-up during the prompt phase. Using these data we attempt…

The study of the early high-energy emission from both long and short Gamma-ray bursts has been revolutionized by the Swift mission. The rapid response of Swift shows that the non-thermal X-ray emission transitions smoothly from the prompt…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. T. O'Brien , R. Willingale , J. P. Osborne , M. R. Goad