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Linear dimensionality reduction techniques are powerful tools for image analysis as they allow the identification of important features in a data set. In particular, nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become very popular as it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Gabriella Casalino , Nicolas Gillis

Principal component analysis is a versatile tool to reduce dimensionality which has wide applications in statistics and machine learning. It is particularly useful for modeling data in high-dimensional scenarios where the number of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-18 Xiaoyu Hu , Fang Yao

We investigate a method for extracting nonlinear principal components (NPCs). These NPCs maximize variation subject to smoothness and orthogonality constraints; but we allow for a general class of constraints and multivariate probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-08-06 Xioahong Chen , Lars Peter Hansen , Jose Scheinkman

Diffusion Map is a spectral dimensionality reduction technique which is able to uncover nonlinear submanifolds in high-dimensional data. And, it is increasingly applied across a wide range of scientific disciplines, such as biology,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Sönke Beier , Paula Pirker-Díaz , Friedrich Pagenkopf , Karoline Wiesner

The understanding of nonlinear, high dimensional flows, e.g, atmospheric and ocean flows, is critical to address the impacts of global climate change. Data Assimilation techniques combine physical models and observational data, often in a…

Dimension reduction is often the first step in statistical modeling or prediction of multivariate spatial data. However, most existing dimension reduction techniques do not account for the spatial correlation between observations and do not…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Si Cheng , Magali N. Blanco , Timothy V. Larson , Lianne Sheppard , Adam Szpiro , Ali Shojaie

This paper introduces a new unsupervised method for dimensionality reduction via regression (DRR). The algorithm belongs to the family of invertible transforms that generalize Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by using curvilinear instead…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-02 Valero Laparra , Jesus Malo , Gustau Camps-Valls

This paper presents a novel non-linear model reduction method: Probabilistic Manifold Decomposition (PMD), which provides a powerful framework for constructing non-intrusive reduced-order models (ROMs) by embedding a high-dimensional system…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Jiaming Guo , Dunhui Xiao

This survey is written in summer, 2016. The purpose of this survey is to briefly introduce nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR) in data reduction. The first two NLDR were respectively published in Science in 2000 in which they solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ce Ju

Collaborative analysis of decentralized confidential datasets is important, but direct sharing of original datasets is often restricted by privacy and institutional constraints. Data collaboration (DC) analysis transforms each dataset into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yamato Suetake , Yuta Kawakami , Shunnosuke Ikeda , Yuichi Takano

We introduce the Linearized Diffusion Map (LDM), a novel linear dimensionality reduction method constructed via a linear approximation of the diffusion-map kernel. LDM integrates the geometric intuition of diffusion-based nonlinear methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Julio Candanedo

Because of high dimensionality, correlation among covariates, and noise contained in data, dimension reduction (DR) techniques are often employed to the application of machine learning algorithms. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-08 Katherine C. Kempfert , Yishi Wang , Cuixian Chen , Samuel W. K. Wong

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods are a popular tool for data scientists and researchers to visualize complex, high dimensional data. However, while these methods continue to improve and grow in number, it is often difficult to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-04 Jonathan Johannemann , Robert Tibshirani

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction tool in the analysis of many kind of high-dimensional data. It is used in signal processing, mechanical engineering, psychometrics, and other fields under different…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-15 Ngoc Mai Tran , Maria Osipenko , Wolfgang Karl Haerdle

The usual approach to model reduction for parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) is to construct a linear space $V_n$ which approximates well the solution manifold $\mathcal{M}$ consisting of all solutions $u(y)$ with $y$ the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-07 Andrea Bonito , Albert Cohen , Ronald DeVore , Diane Guignard , Peter Jantsch , Guergana Petrova

Scientific and engineering processes deliver massive high-dimensional data sets that are generated as non-linear transformations of an initial state and few process parameters. Mapping such data to a low-dimensional manifold facilitates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-07 Frank Schoeneman , Varun Chandola , Nils Napp , Olga Wodo , Jaroslaw Zola

Real-world data usually have high dimensionality and it is important to mitigate the curse of dimensionality. High-dimensional data are usually in a coherent structure and make the data in relatively small true degrees of freedom. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Xiang Wang , Xiaoyong Li , Junxing Zhu , Zichen Xu , Kaijun Ren , Weiming Zhang , Xinwang Liu , Kui Yu

We use the extension of the method of recurrence plots to cross recurrence plots (CRP) which enables a nonlinear analysis of bivariate data. To quantify CRPs, we develop further three measures of complexity mainly basing on diagonal…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Marwan , J. Kurths

We develop theory for nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). A number of NLDR methods have been developed, but there is limited understanding of how these methods work and the relationships between them. There is limited basis for using…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-08 Daniel Ting , Michael I. Jordan

Principal Component Analysis is a key technique for reducing the complexity of high-dimensional data while preserving its fundamental data structure, ensuring models remain stable and interpretable. This is achieved by transforming the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Nuwan Weeraratne , Lyn Hunt , Jason Kurz