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Energy conditions for matter fields are comprehensively investigated in arbitrary $n(\ge 3)$ dimensions without specifying future and past directions locally. We classify an energy-momentum tensor into $n$-dimensional counterparts of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-02 Hideki Maeda , Cristian Martinez

In this paper, by arising condition in variation, from equal time to non-equal time, I reconsider how geometrodynamics equations allow to be derived from variational principle in general relativity and then find the variation of extrinsic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-15 Qian Chen

Motivated by the notion that the mathematics of gravity can be reproduced from a statistical requirement of maximal entropy, we study the consequence of introducing an entropic source term in the Einstein-Hilbert action. For a spatially…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-20 Soumya Chakrabarti

Adopting the viewpoint that the standard perturbative quantization of general relativity provides an effective description of quantum gravity that is valid at ordinary energies, we show that gravity as an environment induces the rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-22 M. P. Blencowe

We describe how geometrical methods can be applied to a system with explicitly time-dependent second-class constraints so as to cast it in Hamiltonian form on its physical phase space. Examples of particular interest are systems which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan M. Evans , Philip A. Tuckey

A new concept of internal time (viewed as a scalar temporal field) is introduced which allows one to solve the energy problem in General Relativity. The law of energy conservation means that the total energy density of the full system of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ivanhoe B. Pestov

The aim of this work is to provide an analytical model to characterize the equilibrium points and the phase space associated with the singly-averaged dynamics caused by the planetary oblateness coupled with the solar radiation pressure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-26 Elisa Maria Alessi , Camilla Colombo , Alessandro Rossi

The definition of quantum singularity is extended from static space-times to conformally static space-times. After the usual definitions of classical and quantum singularities are reviewed, examples of quantum singularities in static…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-26 D. A. Konkowski , T. M. Helliwell

The standard energy conditions of classical general relativity are applied to FLRW cosmologies containing sudden future singularities. Here we show, in a model independent way, that although such cosmologies can satisfy the null, weak and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Kayll Lake

In the standard Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) approach to model the Universe the violation of the so-called energy conditions is related to some important properties of the Universe as, for example, the current and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-28 M. P. Lima , S. D. P. Vitenti , M. J. Reboucas

Amongst a number of modified theories of gravity, the Rastall theory has been propounded to address some shortcomings of the standard theory of general relativity. Our purpose is to investigate this framework's capacity to analyse stellar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-04 Sudan Hansraj , Ayan Banerjee

In general relativity, the energy conditions are invoked to restrict general energy-momentum tensors $T_{\mu\nu}$ in different frameworks, and to derive general results that hold in a variety of general contexts on physical grounds. We show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Santos , J. S. Alcaniz , N. Pires , M. J. Reboucas

In a recent paper [J. Math. Phys. 47 082303 (2006)], Quantum Energy Inequalities were used to place simple geometrical bounds on the energy densities of quantum fields in Minkowskian spacetime regions. Here, we refine this analysis for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Simon P. Eveson , Christopher J. Fewster

Fundamental constants are a cornerstone of our physical laws. Any constant varying in space and/or time would reflect the existence of an almost massless field that couples to matter. This will induce a violation of the universality of free…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Jean-Philippe Uzan

Minkowski spacetime is a convenient setting for the study of the relativistic dynamics of particles and fields in the vacuum. In order to study events that occur in a dielectric or other linear medium, we adopt the familiar continuum…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-02-27 Michael E. Crenshaw

Many inflating spacetimes are likely to violate the weak energy condition, a key assumption of singularity theorems. Here we offer a simple kinematical argument, requiring no energy condition, that a cosmological model which is inflating --…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Arvind Borde , Alan H. Guth , Alexander Vilenkin

We address the problem of understanding from first principles the conditions under which a quantum system equilibrates rapidly with respect to a concrete observable. On the one hand previously known general upper bounds on the time scales…

We define the state of minimum energy while the expectation values of the field operators and their time derivatives in a determined moment in such a state are constrained. As an axiom, we consider such a state as the background of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-16 Amin Akhavan

Recently a restriction ("quantum inequality-type relation") on the (renormalized) energy density measured by a static observer in a "globally static" (ultrastatic) spacetime has been formulated by Pfenning and Ford for the minimally coupled…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Dae-Yup Song

This comment contains a suggestion for a slight modification of Israel's covariant formulation of junction conditions between two spacetimes, placing both sides on equal footing with normals having uniquely defined orientations. The signs…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 D. S. Goldwirth , J. Katz