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The 26 long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshifts form a distinct cosmological set, selected differently than other cosmological probes such as quasars and galaxies. Since the progenitors are now believed to be connected…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. S. Bloom

Long Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) constitute an important tool to study the Universe near and beyond the epoch of reionization. We delineate here the characteristics of an 'ideal' instrument for the search of GRBs at z>6-10. We find that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Salvaterra , S. Campana , G. Chincarini , S. Covino , G. Tagliaferri

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic eruptions known in the Universe. Instruments such as Compton-GRO/BATSE and the GRB monitor on BeppoSAX have detected more than 2700 GRBs and, although observational confirmation is still…

A sample of almost 400 Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the RHESSI satellite is studied statistically. We focus on GRB duration and hardness ratio and use the statistical chi^2 test and the F-test to compare the number of GRB subgroups…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-14 J. Ripa , D. Huja , R. Hudec , W. Hajdas , C. Wigger

We compare the luminosity function and rate inferred from the BATSE short hard bursts (SHBs) peak flux distribution with the redshift and luminosity distributions of SHBs observed by Swift/HETE II. While the Swift/HETE II SHB sample is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dafne Guetta , Tsvi Piran

Le & Dermer developed a gamma-ray burst (GRB) model to fit the redshift and the jet opening angle distributions measured with pre-Swift and Swift missions and showed that GRBs do not follow the star formation rate. Their fitted results were…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-08 Truong Le , Vedant Mehta

Swift's remarkable ability to quickly localize gamma-ray bursts has led to the accumulation of a sizable burst sample for which both angular locations and redshifts are measured. This sample has become large enough that it can potentially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-07-21 I. Horvath , Z. Bagoly , J. Hakkila , L. V. Toth

Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) allow us to pinpoint and study star-forming galaxies in the early universe, thanks to their orders of magnitude brighter peak luminosities compared to other astrophysical sources, and their association…

Recent evidence appears to link gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to star-forming regions in galaxies at cosmological distances. If short-lived massive stars are the progenitors of GRBs, the rate of events per unit cosmological volume should be an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Cristiano Porciani , Piero Madau

Decades ago two classes of gamma-ray bursts were identified and delineated as having durations shorter and longer than about 2 s. Subsequently indications also supported the existence of a third class. Using maximum likelihood estimation we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 I. Horvath , B. G. Toth

We propose a redshift estimator for the long ($T_{90} > 20$) gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by the BATSE. It is based on an empirical relation between the redshift and the power-law index of power density spectra (PDSs) of the observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Heon-Young Chang , Suk-Jin Yoon , Chul-Sung Choi

We examine the rest frame energetics of 76 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshift that were detected by the Swift spacecraft and monitored by the satellite's X-ray Telescope (XRT). Using the bolometric fluence values estimated in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel Kocevski , Nathaniel Butler

We predict the redshift distribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) assuming that they trace the cosmic star formation history. We find that a fraction >~50% of all GRBs on the sky originate at a redshift z >~5, even though the fraction of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-19 Volker Bromm , Abraham Loeb

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are tremendous explosions visible across most of the Universe, certainly out to redshifts of z=4.5 and likely out to z~10. Recently, GRBs have been found to have a roughly constant explosive energy as well as to have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Bradley E. Schaefer

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are detectable out to very large distances and as such are potentially powerful cosmological probes. Historically, the angular distribution of GRBs provided important information about their origin and physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-11 T. N. Ukwatta , P. R. Wozniak

Aims. We analyze and characterize the angular distribution of selected samples of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) from Batse and Swift data to confirm that the division in two classes of short- and long-duration GRBs correspond also to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-15 Fabrizio Tamburini

Swift is a satellite equipped with gamma-ray, X-ray, and optical-UV instruments aimed at discovering, localizing and collecting data from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Launched at the end of 2004, this small-size mission finds about a hundred…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 S. Savaglio , U. Grothkopf

We present optical, near-IR, and radio follow up of sixteen Swift bursts, including our discovery of nine afterglows and a redshift determination for three. These observations, supplemented by data from the literature, provide an afterglow…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense, short-lived bursts of gamma-ray radiation observed up to a high redshift ($z \sim 10$) due to their luminosities. Thus, they can serve as cosmological tools to probe the early Universe. However, we need…

SWIFT bursts appear to be more distant than previous bursts. We present the Boer & Gendre relation that link redshift and afterglow luminosities. Taking advantage of the XMM-Newton, Chandra and BeppoSAX catalogs, and using this relation, we…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 B. Gendre , M. Boer