Related papers: Heat and Gravitation. I. The Action Principle
We use gauge/gravity duality to study the thermodynamics of a field theory with asymptotic freedom in the ultraviolet and a fixed point in the infrared. We find a high temperature quark-gluon phase and a low T conformal unparticle phase.…
With the usual definitions for the entropy and the temperature associated with the apparent horizon, we discuss the first law of the thermodynamics on the apparent in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with the kinetic term of the…
Spacetimes with horizons show a resemblance to thermodynamic systems and it is possible to associate the notions of temperature and entropy with them. Several aspects of this connection are reviewed in a manner appropriate for broad…
The physical impossibility of heat transfer under isothermal conditions implies that the classical expression for the entropy of the ideal gas may not be compatible with the internal energy of the gas itself. A corrected expression of the…
Previous approaches of emergent thermalization for condensed matter based on typical wavefunctions are extended to generate an intrinsically quantum theory of gases. Gases are fundamentally quantum objects at all temperatures, by virtue of…
We test ideas of the recently proposed first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity using an exact geometry sourced by a conformally coupled scalar field. We report a non-monotonic behaviour of the effective ``temperature of…
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third one, then they are also in equilibrium with each other. This study explores not only the final state of thermal equilibrium between ideal…
To the student of thermodynamics the most difficult subject is entropy. In this paper we examine the actual, practical application of entropy to two simple systems, the homogeneous slab with fixed boundary values of the temperature, and an…
We study in this paper a dilute gas in a gravitational field and present a relation of the molecular distribution function with respect to position and velocity. The relation is obtained from the principle of detailed balance and can be…
We formulate thermodynamical relations based on the field degrees of freedom by introducing a work induced by the volume change in the function space, in addition to the usual work associated with the spatial volume change. The first and…
It is shown, that the radiation of the charge, moving with uniform acceleration or uniformly moving round a circle and also freely moving in a gravitational field, contradicts the principle of equivalence. It is also shown, that the…
This paper explores the non-equilibrium behavior of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of isotropic and homogeneous universe model in $f(\mathcal{G},T)$ gravity ($\mathcal{G}$ and $T$ represent the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and trace of…
Thermodynamics, and in particular its first law, is of fundamental importance to Science, and therefore of great general interest to all physicists. The first law, although undoubtedly true, and believed by everyone to be true because of…
Various approaches to quantum gravity suggest that the fundamental volume of the phase space of the given space for representative points, means !0, should be modified. In this paper, we study the effects of this modification on the…
The solution for the radial distribution of pressure, density, temperature and flow velocity fields in a blast wave propagating through a medium at rest, following an intense explosion, starting from hydrodynamic equations, is one of the…
A convenient model for estimating the total entropy ({\Sigma}Si) of atmospheric gases based on physical action is proposed. This realistic approach is fully consistent with statistical mechanics, but uses the properties of translational,…
We propose a first principle computation of the equilibrium thermodynamics of simple fragile glasses starting from the two body interatomic potential. A replica formulation translates this problem into that of a gas of interacting…
A thermodynamic formulation for moving granular material is proposed. The fluctuations due to the constant flux and dissipation of energy are controlled in a `granular' ensemble by a pressure $\wp$ (`compression') which is conjugate to a…
We make a first principle study of gravitational pressure in cosmic thermodynamics. The pressure is directly derived from the unified first law, in fact the Einstein field equation in spherically symmetric spacetime. By using this pressure,…
Thermodynamics is accepted as a universal truth, encompassing all macroscopic objects. Therefore, it is surprising to find that, within our current understanding, the photovoltaic effect has so far eluded the first and second laws of…