Related papers: Diffuse ionized gas in spiral galaxies and the dis…
Widespread, high altitude, diffuse ionized gas with scale heights of around a kiloparsec is observed in the Milky Way and other star forming galaxies. Numerical radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a supernova-driven turbulent…
Deep photometric surveys of the Milky Way have revealed diffuse structures encircling our Galaxy far beyond the "classical" limits of the stellar disk. This paper reviews results from our own and other observational programs, which together…
We summarise observations and our current understanding of the interstellar medium (ISM) in galaxies, which mainly consists of three phases: cold atomic or molecular gas and clouds, warm neutral or ionised gas, and hot ionised gas. These…
Stellar and nebular abundance indicators reveal that there exists significant abundance fluctuations in the interstellar medium (ISM) of gas-rich galaxies. It is shown that at the present observed solar level of O/H $\sim 6 \times 10^{-4}$,…
The Diffuse Ionised Gas (DIG) in galaxies traces photoionisation feedback from massive stars. Through three dimensional photoionisation simulations, we study the propagation of ionising photons, photoionisation heating and the resulting…
We present high resolution simulations on the impact of ionizing radiation of massive O-stars on the surrounding turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). The simulations are performed with the newly developed software iVINE which combines…
This paper deals with the heating and the ionization of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the 500 central pc of the Milky Way (hereafter Galactic center, GC). We review the results of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations of a…
We present direct measures of the ionization fractions of several sulfur ions in the Galactic warm ionized medium (WIM). We obtained high resolution ultraviolet absorption line spectroscopy of post-asymptotic giant branch stars in the the…
In this paper we use a number of observations to construct an integrated picture of the ionisation in the interiors of quiescent warm opaque interstellar clouds and in the intercloud medium (ICM) outside dense HII regions and hot dilute…
This study presents first results from an X-ray mini-survey carried out with XMM-Newton to investigate the diffuse Hot Ionized Medium in the halos of nine nearby star-forming edge-on spiral galaxies. Diffuse gaseous X-ray halos are detected…
Deep H$\alpha$ images of a sample of nearby late-type spiral galaxies have been analyzed to characterize the morphology and energetic significance of the ``Diffuse Ionized Medium'' (DIM). We find that the DIM properties can be reasonably…
The low column density gas at the outskirts of galaxies as traced by the 21 cm hydrogen line emission (HI) represents the interface between galaxies and the intergalactic medium, i.e., where galaxies are believed to get their supply of gas…
The ionization of diffuse gas located far above the energetic midplane OB stars poses a challenge to the commonly accepted notion that radiation from OB stars is the primary ionization source for gas in galaxies. We investigated the sources…
We study the ionizing sources in spiral galaxies and examine in more detail our Galaxy. Using Taylor & Cordes (1993) model we analyze the electron density in different parts of the Galaxy, and emphasize the still unsolved problems. Finally,…
In this paper we review the current predictions of numerical simulations for the origin and observability of the warm hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), the diffuse gas that contains up to 50 per cent of the baryons at z~0. During structure…
Interactions of cosmic rays with the interstellar gas and radiation fields of the Milky Way provide the majority of the gamma rays observed by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope. In addition to the gas which is densely concentrated along…
The interstellar medium (ISM) can be thought of as the galactic atmosphere which fills the space between stars. When clouds within the ISM collapse, stars are born. When the stars die, they return their matter to the surrounding gas.…
I examine the possibility that the Cold Neutral Medium of the interstellar medium in galaxies contains a molecular gas phase that may represent a significant and even the dominant amount of its mass in metal-poor regions. In spiral galaxies…
We present an analysis of the diffuse ionised gas (DIG) in a high-resolution simulation of an isolated Milky Way-like galaxy, incorporating on-the-fly radiative transfer and non-equilibrium thermochemistry. We utilise the Monte-Carlo…
Several popular cosmological models predict that most of the baryonic mass in the local universe is located in filamentary and sheet-like structures associated with groups and clusters of galaxies. This gas is expected to be gravitationally…