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Causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) constitute a background independent, nonperturbative approach to quantum gravity, in which the gravitational path integral is approximated by the weighted sum over causally well-behaving simplicial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-24 T. Trzesniewski

We report on recently performed simulations of Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) in 2+1 dimensions aimed at studying its effective dynamics in the continuum limit. Two pieces of evidence from completely different measurements are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-24 Timothy Budd

3+1 dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) describe a quantum theory of fluctuating geometries without the introduction of a background geometry. If the topology of space is constrained to be that of a three-dimensional torus we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 Jan Ambjørn , Jakub Gizbert-Studnicki , Andrzej Görlich , Kevin Grosvenor , Jerzy Jurkiewicz

This topical review gives a comprehensive overview and assessment of recent results in Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT), a modern formulation of lattice gravity, whose aim is to obtain a theory of quantum gravity nonperturbatively from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 R. Loll

Motivated by the search for new observables in nonperturbative quantum gravity, we consider Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) in 2+1 dimensions with the spatial topology of a torus. This system is of particular interest, because one can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-07-11 T. G. Budd , R. Loll

Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) is a lattice theory of quantum gravity. It is shown how to identify the IR and the UV limits of this lattice theory with similar limits studied using the continuum, functional renormalization group…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-09-26 Jan Ambjorn , Jakub Gizbert-Studnicki , Andrzej Goerlich , Daniel Nemeth

The Causal Dynamical Triangulation (CDT) approach to quantum gravity is a lattice approximation to the gravitational path integral. Developed by Ambj\o{}rn, Jurkiewicz and Loll, it has yielded some important results, notably the emergence…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Rajesh Kommu

We develop a mathematical and interpretative foundation for the enterprise of decision-theoretic statistical causality (DT), which is a straightforward way of representing and addressing causal questions. DT reframes causal inference as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-28 A. Philip Dawid

Understanding the continuum limit of a theory of discrete random geometries is a beautiful but difficult challenge. In this optic, we review here the insights that can be obtained for Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) by employing the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-09 Dario Benedetti

This thesis investigates low-dimensional models of nonperturbative quantum gravity, with a special focus on Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT). We define the so-called curvature profile, a new quantum gravitational observable based on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-14 Joren Brunekreef

Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) is a lattice theory where aspects of quantum gravity can be studied. Two-dimensional CDT can be solved analytically and the continuum (quantum) Hamiltonian obtained. In this article we show that this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Jan Ambjorn , Lisa Glaser , Yuki Sato , Yoshiyuki Watabiki

Detailed applications of minisuperspace methods are presented and compared with results obtained in recent years by means of causal dynamical triangulations (CDTs), mainly in the form of effective actions. The analysis sheds light on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-09 Bekir Baytas , Martin Bojowald , Sean Crowe , Jakub Mielczarek

We reinvestigate the recently discovered bifurcation phase transition in Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) and provide further evidence that it is a higher order transition. We also investigate the impact of introducing matter in the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2017-06-21 J. Ambjorn , D. Coumbe , J. Gizbert-Studnicki , A. Gorlich , J. Jurkiewicz

We define multicritical CDT models of 2d quantum gravity and show that they are a special case of multicritical generalized CDT models obtained from the new scaling limit, the so-called "classical" scaling limit, of matrix models. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Jan Ambjorn , Lisa Glaser , Andrzej Gorlich , Yuki Sato

We study the Causal Dynamical Triangulation (CDT) with extended interactions in 1+1 dimensions applying the method in the non-critical string field theory (SFT) constructed by Ishibashi and Kawai. For this model, we solve Schwinger-Dyson's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 Hiroyuki Fuji , Yuki Sato , Yoshiyuki Watabiki

The two-dimensional causal dynamical triangulations ($2$d CDT) is a lattice model of quantum geometry. In $2$d CDT, one can deal with the quantum effects analytically and explore the physics through the continuum limit. The continuum theory…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-02 Yuki Sato

Two-dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations provides a definition of the path integral for projectable two-dimensional Horava-Lifshitz quantum gravity. We solve the theory coupled to gauge fields.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-02 J. Ambjorn , A. Ipsen

Causal models have proven extremely useful in offering formal representations of causal relationships between a set of variables. Yet in many situations, there are non-causal relationships among variables. For example, we may want variables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Sander Beckers , Joseph Y. Halpern , Christopher Hitchcock

Causality has the potential to truly transform the way we solve a large number of real-world problems. Yet, so far, its potential largely remains to be unlocked as causality often requires crucial assumptions which cannot be tested in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Jeroen Berrevoets , Krzysztof Kacprzyk , Zhaozhi Qian , Mihaela van der Schaar

We measure the effective action in all three phases of 4-dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) using the transfer matrix method. The transfer matrix is parametrized by the total 3-volume of the CDT universe at a given (discrete)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-04-02 Jan Ambjorn , Jakub Gizbert-Studnicki , Andrzej Görlich , Jerzy Jurkiewicz