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Most scripting languages nowadays use regex pattern-matching libraries. These regex libraries borrow the syntax of regular expressions, but have an informal semantics that is different from the semantics of regular expressions, removing the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-17 Sérgio Medeiros , Fabio Mascarenhas , Roberto Ierusalimschy

A biform theory is a combination of an axiomatic theory and an algorithmic theory that supports the integration of reasoning and computation. These are ideal for formalizing algorithms that manipulate mathematical expressions. A theory…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Jacques Carette , William M. Farmer

These are lecture notes on the algebraic approach to regular languages. The classical algebraic approach is for finite words; it uses semigroups instead of automata. However, the algebraic approach can be extended to structures beyond…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Mikołaj Bojańczyk

Graph transformation is concerned with the manipulation of graphs by means of rules. Graph grammars have been traditionally studied using techniques from category theory. In previous works, we introduced Matrix Graph Grammars (MGGs) as a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-06 Pedro Pablo Perez Velasco , Juan de Lara

The basic principle of graph rewriting is the stepwise replacement of subgraphs inside a host graph. A challenge in such replacement steps is the treatment of the patch graph, consisting of those edges of the host graph that touch the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Roy Overbeek , Jörg Endrullis

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) such as BERT have revolutionized the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Inspired by their proliferation, tremendous efforts have been devoted to Pretrained Graph Models (PGMs). Owing to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jun Xia , Yanqiao Zhu , Yuanqi Du , Stan Z. Li

Graphs are used as models in many areas of computer science and computer engineering. For example graphs are used to represent syntax, control and data flow, dependency, state spaces, models such as UML and other types of domain-specific…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Timo Kehrer , Alice Miller

Graphs are increasingly becoming ubiquitous as models for structured data. A generative model that closely mimics the structural properties of a given set of graphs has utility in a variety of domains. Much of the existing work require that…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Revanth Reddy , Sarath Chandar , Balaraman Ravindran

Automata over infinite alphabets have emerged as a convenient computational model for processing structures involving data, such as nonces in cryptographic protocols or data values in XML documents. We introduce active learning methods for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Florian Frank , Stefan Milius , Jurriaan Rot , Henning Urbat

We develop a shape analysis for reasoning about relational properties of data structures. Both the concrete and the abstract domain are represented by hypergraphs. The analysis is parameterized by user-supplied indexed graph grammars to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Hannah Arndt , Christina Jansen , Christoph Matheja , Thomas Noll

String diagrams are a powerful tool for reasoning about composite structures in symmetric monoidal categories. By representing string diagrams as graphs, equational reasoning can be done automatically by double-pushout rewriting. !-graphs…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Aleks Kissinger , Vladimir Zamdzhiev

Graphs have become the best way we know of representing knowledge. The computing community has investigated and developed the support for managing graphs by means of digital technology. Graph databases and knowledge graphs surface as the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Marcelo Arenas , Claudio Gutierrez , Juan F. Sequeda

We provide a pipeline for generating syntax diagrams (also called railroad diagrams) from context free grammars. Syntax diagrams are a graphical representation of a context free language, which we formalize abstractly as a set of mutually…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Michael J. Bannister , David A. Brown , David Eppstein

This technical report presents a general framework for parsing a variety of grammar formalisms. We develop a grammar formalism, called an Abstract Grammar, which is general enough to represent grammars at many levels of the hierarchy,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Daniel Harasim , Chris Bruno , Eva Portelance , Martin Rohrmeier , Timothy J. O'Donnell

We propose the use of hyperedge replacement graph grammars for factor graphs, or factor graph grammars (FGGs) for short. FGGs generate sets of factor graphs and can describe a more general class of models than plate notation, dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 David Chiang , Darcey Riley

Cayley graphs have a number of useful features: the ability to graphically represent finitely generated group elements and their relations; to name all vertices relative to a point; and the fact that they have a well-defined notion of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-05-22 Pablo Arrighi , Simon Martiel , Vincent Nesme

This is a companion piece to my paper on "Example-Based Procedural Modeling Using Graph Grammars." This paper examines some of the theoretical issues in more detail. This paper discusses some more complex parts of the implementation, why…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Paul Merrell

An attractive mechanism to specify global constraints in rostering and other domains is via formal languages. For instance, the Regular and Grammar constraints specify constraints in terms of the languages accepted by an automaton and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-04 George Katsirelos , Nina Narodytska , Toby Walsh

B\"uchi Automata on infinite words present many interesting problems and are used frequently in program verification and model checking. A lot of these problems on B\"uchi automata are computationally hard, raising the question if a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Christophe Stammet , Prisca Dotti , Ulrich Ultes-Nitsche , Andreas Fischer

Various human-designed prompt engineering techniques have been proposed to improve problem solvers based on Large Language Models (LLMs), yielding many disparate code bases. We unify these approaches by describing LLM-based agents as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Mingchen Zhuge , Wenyi Wang , Louis Kirsch , Francesco Faccio , Dmitrii Khizbullin , Jürgen Schmidhuber