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We consider an experiment with at least two stages or batches and $O(N)$ subjects per batch. First, we propose a semiparametric treatment effect estimator that efficiently pools information across the batches, and show it asymptotically…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-28 Harrison H. Li , Art B. Owen

A stepped wedge design is a unidirectional crossover design where clusters are randomized to distinct treatment sequences. While model-based analysis of stepped wedge designs is standard practice to evaluate treatment effects accounting for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-13 Bingkai Wang , Xueqi Wang , Fan Li

Cluster-randomized trials (CRTs) are a well-established class of designs for evaluating community-based interventions. An essential task in planning these trials is determining the number of clusters and cluster sizes needed to achieve…

We consider the following comparative effectiveness scenario. There are two treatments for a particular medical condition: a randomized experiment has demonstrated mediocre effectiveness for the first treatment, while a non-randomized study…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-23 Brian Knaeble , Erich Kummerfeld

We present a demonstration of REACT, a new Real-time Educational AI-powered Classroom Tool that employs EDM techniques for supporting the decision-making process of educators. REACT is a data-driven tool with a user-friendly graphical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Ajay Kulkarni , Olga Gkountouna

The aim of this study is to construct and compose an instructional design in combinatorial learning, particularly in the concept of counting. A composed design is expected to optimize students' combinatorial-thinking skill. This research…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-04-02 I. R. Ihsan , N. Karjanto

Interference arises when an individual's potential outcome depends on the individual treatment level, but also on the treatment level of others. A common assumption in the causal inference literature in the presence of interference is…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-15 Georgia Papadogeorgou , Fabrizia Mealli , Corwin M. Zigler

Multivalued treatment models have typically been studied under restrictive assumptions: ordered choice, and more recently unordered monotonicity. We show how treatment effects can be identified in a more general class of models that allows…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-05-02 Sokbae Lee , Bernard Salanié

The intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) plays an important role while designing the cluster randomized trials (CRTs). Often optimal CRTs are designed assuming that the magnitude of the ICC is constant across the clusters. However,…

Computation · Statistics 2019-02-21 Satya Prakash Singh , Pradeep Yadav

Randomized experiments can provide unbiased estimates of sample average treatment effects. However, estimates of population treatment effects can be biased when the experimental sample and the target population differ. In this case, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-10 Wenqi Shi , Xi Lin

The health effects of environmental exposures have been studied for decades, typically using standard regression models to assess exposure-outcome associations found in observational non-experimental data. We propose and illustrate a…

Applications · Statistics 2017-09-20 Marie-Abele C. Bind , Donald B. Rubin

Interference occurs when the potential outcomes of a unit depend on the treatment of others. Interference can be highly heterogeneous, where treating certain individuals might have a larger effect on the population's overall outcome. A…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-11 Samantha G Dean , Georgia Papadogeorgou , Laura Forastiere

Background: Children are frequently prescribed medication off-label, meaning there has not been sufficient testing of the medication to determine its safety or effectiveness. The main reason this safety knowledge is lacking is due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-03 Jenna M. Reps , Jonathan M. Garibaldi , Uwe Aickelin , Daniele Soria , Jack E. Gibson , Richard B. Hubbard

This paper presents a multiple learner algorithm called the 'Three Ensemble Clustering 3EC' algorithm that classifies unlabeled data into quality clusters as a part of unsupervised learning. It offers the flexibility to explore the context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Kundu , Debasish

K-12 classrooms consistently integrate collaboration as part of their learning experiences. However, owing to large classroom sizes, teachers do not have the time to properly assess each student and give them feedback. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Anirudh Som , Sujeong Kim , Bladimir Lopez-Prado , Svati Dhamija , Nonye Alozie , Amir Tamrakar

This paper studies the use of highly stratified designs for the efficient estimation of a large class of treatment effect parameters that arise in the analysis of experiments. By a "highly stratified" design, we mean experiments in which…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-30 Yuehao Bai , Jizhou Liu , Azeem M. Shaikh , Max Tabord-Meehan

Mixed-effect models are flexible tools for researchers in a myriad of fields, but that flexibility comes at the cost of complexity and if users are not careful in how their model is specified, they could be making faulty inferences from…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-28 Keith R. Lohse , Allan J. Kozlowski , Michael J. Strube

Construction of just-in-time adaptive interventions, such as prompts delivered by mobile apps to promote and maintain behavioral change, requires knowledge about time-varying moderated effects to inform when and how we deliver intervention…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-06 Jieru Shi , Zhenke Wu , Walter Dempsey

Recent developments in sequential experimental design look to construct a policy that can efficiently navigate the design space, in a way that maximises the expected information gain. Whilst there is work on achieving tractable policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yasir Zubayr Barlas , Kizito Salako

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can be used to generate guarantees on treatment effects. However, RCTs often spend unnecessary resources exploring sub-optimal treatments, which can reduce the power of treatment guarantees. To address…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Santiago Cortes-Gomez , Naveen Raman , Aarti Singh , Bryan Wilder