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The odds ratio (OR) is a widely used measure of the effect size in observational research. ORs reflect statistical association between a binary outcome, such as the presence of a health condition, and a binary predictor, such as an exposure…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-21 Olga A. Vsevolozhskaya , Gabriel Ruiz , Dmitri V. Zaykin

Perturbation theory plays a crucial role in sensitivity analysis, which is extensively used to assess the robustness of numerical techniques. To quantify the relative sensitivity of any problem, it becomes essential to investigate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Sk. Safique Ahmad , Pinki Khatun

The selection of the best classification algorithm for a given dataset is a very widespread problem. It is also a complex one, in the sense it requires to make several important methodological choices. Among them, in this work we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-18 Vincent Labatut , Hocine Cherifi

Convex combinations of i.i.d. random variables without a finite mean can behave in a strikingly different way from the finite-mean case: as the weight vector becomes more balanced, the resulting combination may become stochastically larger,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Tommaso Lando , Paulo Eduardo Oliveira

We consider the stability of Robust Optimization problems with respect to perturbations in their uncertainty sets. We focus on Linear Optimization problems, including those with a possibly infinite number of constraints, also known as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Timothy C. Y. Chan , Philip Allen Mar

Max-cut, clustering, and many other partitioning problems that are of significant importance to machine learning and other scientific fields are NP-hard, a reality that has motivated researchers to develop a wealth of approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Maria-Florina Balcan , Vaishnavh Nagarajan , Ellen Vitercik , Colin White

Given two random variables taking values in a bounded interval, we study whether one dominates the other in higher-order stochastic dominance depends on the reference interval in the model setting. We obtain two results. First, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-07 Ruodu Wang , Qinyu Wu

This paper presents a stochastic model predictive control approach for nonlinear systems subject to time-invariant probabilistic uncertainties in model parameters and initial conditions. The stochastic optimal control problem entails a cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-17 Stefan Streif , Matthias Karl , Ali Mesbah

The standard approach to supervised classification involves the minimization of a log-loss as an upper bound to the classification error. While this is a tight bound early on in the optimization, it overemphasizes the influence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Nicolas Le Roux

The study of first-order optimization is sensitive to the assumptions made on the objective functions. These assumptions induce complexity classes which play a key role in worst-case analysis, including the fundamental concept of algorithm…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Charles Guille-Escuret , Adam Ibrahim , Baptiste Goujaud , Ioannis Mitliagkas

The effect of perturbations of parameters for uniquely convergent imprecise Markov chains is studied. We provide the maximal distance between the distributions of original and perturbed chain and maximal degree of imprecision, given the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Damjan Škulj

We study stochastic optimization algorithms for constrained nonconvex stochastic optimization problems with Markovian data. In particular, we focus on the case when the transition kernel of the Markov chain is state-dependent. Such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-10 Abhishek Roy , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Saeed Ghadimi

We address the optimal covariance steering (OCS) problem for stochastic discrete linear systems with additive Gaussian noise under state chance constraints and input hard constraints. Because the system state can be unbounded due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Kazuhide Okamoto , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Our topic is performance differences between using random and chaos for particle swarm optimization (PSO). We take random sequences with different probability distributions and compare them to chaotic sequences with different but also with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-07 Paul Moritz Nörenberg , Hendrik Richter

We deal with the problem, initiated in [8], of finding randomized and quantum complexity of initial-value problems. We showed in [8] that a speed-up in both settings over the worst-case deterministic complexity is possible. In the present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Boleslaw Kacewicz

Suppose $k$ balls are dropped into $n$ boxes independently with uniform probability, where $n, k$ are large with ratio approximately equal to some positive real $\lambda$. The maximum box count has a counterintuitive behavior: first of all,…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Andrea Ottolini

This paper is concerned with the partial information optimal control problem of mean-field type under partial observation, where the system is given by a controlled mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equation with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-21 Qingxin Meng , Qiuhong Shi , Maoning Tang

Stochastic monotonicity is a well known partial order relation between probability measures defined on the same partially ordered set. Strassen Theorem establishes equivalence between stochastic monotonicity and the existence of a coupling…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Davide Gabrielli , Ida Germana Minelli

The dynamics of interacting quantum systems in the presence of disorder is studied and an exact representation for disorder-averaged quantities via Ito stochastic calculus is obtained. The stochastic integral representation affords many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-13 Ivana Kurecic , Tobias J. Osborne

We derive a new lower bound on the success probability of the Pretty Good Measurement (PGM) for worst-case quantum state discrimination among $m$ pure states. Our bound is strictly tighter than the previously known Gram-matrix-based bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Sergio Escobar , Austin Pechan