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Related papers: Metrics Of Quantum States

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Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics and holds great promise for enhancing metrology and communications. Much of the focus of quantum metrology so far has been on generating highly entangled quantum states that offer…

We study in detail a very natural metric for quantum states. This new proposal has two basic ingredients: entropy and purification. The metric for two mixed states is defined as the square root of the entropy of the average of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-23 P. W. Lamberti , M. Portesi , J. Sparacino

Amount of entanglement carried by a quantum bipartite state is usually evaluated in terms of concurrence (see Ref. 1). We give a physical interpretation of concurrence that reveals a way of its direct measurement and discuss possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Alexander Klyachko , Barış Öztop , Alexander S. Shumovsky

A central challenge in quantum metrology is identifying optimal measurements that saturate the quantum Cramer-Rao bound under realistic constraints, e.g., local measurements. We show that symmetries of the probe state provide a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Jia-Xuan Liu , Hai-Long Shi , Chunfeng Wu , Sixia Yu

The Schmidt numbers quantify the entanglement degree of quantum states. Quantum states with high Schmidt numbers provide a larger advantage in various quantum information processing tasks compared to quantum states with low Schmidt numbers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Hao-Fan Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

Quantum metrology exploits quantum mechanical effects to increase the precision of measurements of physical quantities. A wide variety of applications are currently being developed for scientific and technological purposes, however, most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 B. J. Alexander , Ş. K. Özdemir , M. S. Tame

We propose and analyse a mathematical measure for the amount of squeezing contained in a continuous variable quantum state. We show that the proposed measure operationally quantifies the minimal amount of squeezing needed to prepare a given…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 Martin Idel , Daniel Lercher , Michael M. Wolf

A quantum system's state is identified with a density matrix. Though their probabilistic interpretation is rooted in ensemble theory, density matrices embody a known shortcoming. They do not completely express an ensemble's physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Fabio Anza , James P. Crutchfield

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the process of reconstructing the state of a quantum system (mathematically described as a density matrix) through a series of different measurements, which can be solved by learning a parameterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Hailan Ma , Zhenhong Sun , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Herschel Rabitz

We review some geometrical aspects pertaining to the world of monotone quantum metrics in finite dimensions. Particular emphasis is given to an unfolded perspective for quantum states that is built out of the spectral theorem and is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Florio M. Ciaglia , Fabio Di Cosmo , Fabio Di Nocera , Patrizia Vitale

A definition of quantum correlation is presented for an arbitrary bipartite quantum state based on the skew information. This definition not only inherits the good properties of skew information such as the contractivity and so on, but also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Chang-shui Yu , Shao-xiong Wu , Xiao-guang Wang , X. X. Yi , He-shan Song

We show that the geometry of the set of quantum states plays a crucial role in the behavior of entanglement in different physical systems. More specifically it is shown that singular points at the border of the set of unentangled states…

Quantum states of light, such as squeezed states or entangled states, can be used to make measurements (metrology), produce images, and sense objects with a precision that far exceeds what is possible classically, and also exceeds what was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-02 Jonathan P. Dowling

It is known that there are infinitely many distinguishability metrics for mixed quantum states. This freedom, in turn, leads to metric-dependent interpretations of physically meaningful geometric quantities such as complexity and volume of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-31 Paul M. Alsing , Carlo Cafaro , Orlando Luongo , Cosmo Lupo , Stefano Mancini , Hernando Quevedo

Important properties of a quantum system are not directly measurable, but they can be disclosed by how fast the system changes under controlled perturbations. In particular, asymmetry and entanglement can be verified by reconstructing the…

The notion of a macroscopic quantum state must be pinned down in order to assess how well experiments probe the large-scale limits of quantum mechanics. However, the issue of quantifying so-called quantum macroscopicity is fraught with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Benjamin Yadin , Matteo Fadel

The quantum nature of bulk ensemble NMR quantum computing --the center of recent heated debate, is addressed. Concepts of the mixed state and entanglement are examined, and the data in a 2 qubit liquid NMR quantum computation are analyzed.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G L Long , H Y Yan , Y s Li , C C Tu , s J Zhu , D Ruan , Y Sun , J X Tao , H M Chen

Indeterminacy associated with probing of a quantum state is commonly expressed through spectral distances (metric) featured in the outcomes of repeated experiments. Here we express it as an effective amount (measure) of distinct outcomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 Ivan Horváth

In previous articles we presented a derivation of Born's rule and unitary transforms in Quantum Mechanics (QM), from a simple set of axioms built upon a physical phenomenology of quantization. Physically, the structure of QM results of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Alexia Auffèves , Philippe Grangier

The set of all separable quantum states is compact and convex. We focus on the two-qubit quanum system and study the boundary of the set. Then we give the criterion to determine whether a separable state is on the boundary. Some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mingjun Shi , Jiangfeng Du