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Inspired by a quantum mechanical formalism to model concepts and their disjunctions and conjunctions, we put forward in this paper a specific hypothesis. Namely that within human thought two superposed layers can be distinguished: (i) a…
It is possible to completely explain all aspects of quantum mechanics by expressing the relations between physical properties in terms of complex conditional probabilities (Phys. Rev. A 89, 042115(2014)). These fully deterministic…
In many areas of engineering and sciences, decision rules and control strategies are usually designed based on nominal values of relevant system parameters. To ensure that a control strategy or decision rule will work properly when the…
We consider decision problems under uncertainty where the options available to a decision maker and the resulting outcome are related through a causal mechanism which is unknown to the decision maker. We ask how a decision maker can learn…
The applications of techniques from statistical (and classical) mechanics to model interesting problems in economics and finance has produced valuable results. The principal movement which has steered this research direction is known under…
In this paper we propose to use elements of the mathematical formalism of Quantum Mechanics to capture the idea that agents' preferences, in addition to being typically uncertain, can also be indeterminate. They are determined (i.e.,…
In mathematical psychology, recent models for human decision-making use Quantum Decision Theory to capture important human-centric features such as order effects and violation of the sure-thing principle (total probability law). We…
As an undergraduate exercise, in an article (2012 Am. J. Phys. $\bf{80}$ 780-14), quantum and classical uncertainties for dimensionless variables of position and momentum were evaluated in three potentials: infinite well, bouncing ball, and…
We analyze statistical consequences of a conjecture that there exists a fundamental (indivisible) quant of time. We study particle dynamics with discrete time. We show that a quantum-like interference pattern could appear as a statistical…
For classic systems, the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) states that the fluctuations of a current have a lower bound in terms of the entropy production. Some TURs are rooted in information theory, particularly derived from…
The role of the Uncertainty Principle is examined through the examples of squeezing, information capacity, and position monitoring. It is suggested that more attention should be directed to conceptual considerations in quantum information…
The uncertainty principle and entanglement are two fundamental, but yet not well understood, features of quantum theory. The uncertainty relation reflects the capability limit in acquiring the knowledge of different physical properties of a…
We show that quantum game theory offers solution to the famous Newcomb's paradox (free will problem). Divine foreknowledge is not necessary for successful completion of the game because quantum theory offers a way to discern human…
I contrast two possible attitudes towards a given branch of physics: as inferential (i.e., as concerned with an agent's ability to make predictions given finite information), and as dynamical (i.e., as concerned with the dynamical equations…
The role of impossibilities in theories of Physics is mentioned and a recent result is recalled in which Quantum Mechanics is characterized by three information-theoretic impossibilities. The inconvenience of the asymmetries established by…
As a basis for epistemological study of ``time,'' we analyze three suspect phenomena introduced by modern physics: non-locality, asymmetric aging and advanced interaction. It is shown that all three arise in connection with what has to be…
Functional theories of consciousness, based on emergence of conscious experiences from the execution of a particular function by an insentient brain, face the hard problem of consciousness of explaining why the insentient brain should…
We present a novel theoretical formulation for performing quantum dynamics in terms of moments within the single-particle description. By expressing the quantum dynamics in terms of increasing orders of moments, instead of single-particle…
Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum computers are expected to be available this year. It is proposed to exploit such a device for decision making under uncertainty. The probabilistic character of quantum mechanics reflects this uncertainty.…
The new uncertainty relation is derived in the context of the canonical quantum theory with gravity for the case of the maximally symmetric space. This relation establishes a connection between fluctuations of the quantities which determine…