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We uncover a geometric organization of the differential equations for the wavefunction coefficients of conformally coupled scalars in power-law cosmologies. To do this, we introduce a basis of functions inspired by a decomposition of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-23 Daniel Baumann , Harry Goodhew , Austin Joyce , Hayden Lee , Guilherme L. Pimentel , Tom Westerdijk

A new parameterisation of atmospheric muons deep underwater (or ice) is presented. It takes into account the simultaneous arrival of muons in bundle giving the multiplicity of the events and the muon energy spectrum as a function of their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Annarita Margiotta

A two-dimensional water wave system is examined consisting of two discrete incompressible fluid domains separated by a free common interface. In a geophysical context this is a model of an internal wave, formed at a pycnocline or…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-11-09 Alan Compelli , Rossen Ivanov

Climate simulations, at all grid resolutions, rely on approximations that encapsulate the forcing due to unresolved processes on resolved variables, known as parameterizations. Parameterizations often lead to inaccuracies in climate models,…

Accurately quantifying air-sea fluxes is important for understanding air-sea interactions and improving coupled weather and climate systems. This study introduces a probabilistic framework to represent the highly variable nature of air-sea…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Jiarong Wu , Pavel Perezhogin , David John Gagne , Brandon Reichl , Aneesh C. Subramanian , Elizabeth Thompson , Laure Zanna

This article discussesl a few of the problems that arise in geophysical fluid dynamics and climate that are associated with the presence of moisture in the air, its condensation and release of latent heat. Our main focus is Earth's…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-06-14 Geoffrey K. Vallis

The goal of inversion is to estimate the model which generates the data of observations with a specific modeling equation. One general approach to inversion is to use optimization methods which are algebraic in nature to define an objective…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-06-02 August Lau , Chuan Yin

An algorithm to compute forces at the sea bed from a finite element solution to the mild slope wave equation is devised in this work. The algorithm is best considered as consisting of two logical parts: The first is concerned with the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. J. Childs , J. W. Gonsalves

Functional equations satisfied by additive functions have a special interest not only in the theory of functional equations, but also in the theory of (commutative) algebra because the fundamental notions such as derivations and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-02-22 Eszter Gselmann , Gergely Kiss , Csaba Vincze

The framework of invariant parameterization is extended to higher-order closure schemes. We also define, for the first time, generalized invariant parameterization schemes, where symmetries of the corresponding original model are preserved…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Alexander Bihlo , Elsa Dos Santos Cardoso-Bihlo , Roman O. Popovych

In classical continuum physics, a wave is a mechanical disturbance. Whether the disturbance is stationary or traveling and whether it is caused by the motion of atoms and molecules or the vibration of a lattice structure, a wave can be…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-04-14 Ivan C. Christov

Convexity and convex functions play an important role in theoretical physics. To initiate a study of the possible uses of convex functions in General Relativity, we discuss the consequences of a spacetime $(M,g_{\mu \nu})$ or an initial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-07 Gary W. Gibbons , Akihiro Ishibashi

Convexity and convex functions play an important role in theoretical physics. To initiate a study of the possible uses of convex functions in General Relativity, we discuss the consequences of a spacetime $(M,g_{\mu \nu})$ or an initial…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-02-21 Gary W. Gibbons , Akihiro Ishibashi

Turbulent and internal wave motions are important for the exchange of momentum, heat and suspended matter in the deep-sea which is generally stably stratified in density. Turbulence-generation models involve shear of vertical current…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-21 Hans van Haren

Scientific curiosity, exploration of georesources and environmental concerns are pushing the geoscientific research community toward subsurface investigations of ever-increasing complexity. This review explores various approaches to…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-01-09 N. Linde , P. Renard , T. Mukerji , J. Caers

Permafrost thaw is a major concern raised by the ongoing climate change. An understudied phenomenon possibly affecting the pace of permafrost thaw is the onset of convective motions within the active layer caused by the density anomaly of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-31 Marta Magnani , Stefano Musacchio , Antonello Provenzale , Guido Boffetta

Understanding subsurface ocean dynamics is essential for quantifying oceanic heat and mass transport, but direct observations at depth remain sparse due to logistical and technological constraints. In contrast, satellite missions provide…

The notion of wavelets is defined. It is briefly described {\it what} are wavelets, {\it how} to use them, {\it when} we do need them, {\it why} they are preferred and {\it where} they have been applied. Then one proceeds to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 I. M. Dremin

Turbulent Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard convection is often modelled with a constant surface temperature. However, the surface temperature of many geophysical systems, such as lakes, is coupled to the atmospheric forcing. In this paper, we account…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-14 Jason Olsthoorn

We investigate the dynamics of a single deformable self-propelled particle which undergoes a spinning motion in a two-dimensional space. Equations of motion are derived from the symmetry argument for three kinds of variables. One is a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-07-09 Mitsusuke Tarama , Takao Ohta