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In loop quantum cosmology, non-perturbative quantum gravity effects lead to the resolution of the big bang singularity by a quantum bounce without introducing any new degrees of freedom. Though fundamentally discrete, the theory admits a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Gonzalo J. Olmo , Parampreet Singh

We derive transition rules for Kasner exponents in bouncing Bianchi I models with generic perfect fluid matter fields for a broad class of modified gravity theories where cosmological singularities are resolved and replaced by a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-12 Marco de Cesare , Edward Wilson-Ewing

We propose a quantum symmetry reduction of loop quantum gravity to Bianchi I spacetimes. To this end, we choose the diagonal metric gauge for the spatial diffeomorphism constraint at the classical level, leading to an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-16 Norbert Bodendorfer

Loop quantum cosmology homogeneous models with a massless scalar field show that the big-bang singularity can be replaced by a big quantum bounce. To gain further insight on the nature of this bounce, we study the semi-discrete loop quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Pablo Laguna

This paper investigates Bianchi I spacetimes within the Jordan frame of Brans-Dicke theory, incorporating the framework of effective loop quantum gravity. After developing general formulas, we analyze the robustness of classical singularity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-21 Manabendra Sharma , Gustavo S. Vicente , Leila L. Graef , Rudnei O. Ramos , Anzhong Wang

We use the requirement of diffeomorphism invariance in the Bianchi I context to derive the form of the quantum Hamiltonian constraint. After imposing the correct classical behavior and making a certain minimality assumption, together with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-11 Jonathan Engle , Ilya Vilensky

Due to non-perturbative quantum gravitational effects, the classical big bang singularity is replaced by a quantum big bounce of the mean scale factor in loop quantization of Bianchi-I spacetime. An important issue is to understand various…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-30 Brajesh Gupt , Parampreet Singh

In this contribution we consider the issue of singularity resolution within loop quantum cosmology (LQC) for different homogeneous models. We present results of numerical evolutions of effective equations for both isotropic as well as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-12-04 Alejandro Corichi , Asieh Karami , Edison Montoya

We present the affine coherent state quantization of the Bianchi I model. As in our previous paper on quantum theory of Friedmann models, we employ a variable associated with a perfect fluid to play a role of clock. Then we deparameterize…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-06 Herve Bergeron , Andrea Dapor , Jean-Pierre Gazeau , Przemyslaw Malkiewicz

Loop quantum cosmological methods are extended to homogeneous models in diagonalized form. It is shown that the diagonalization leads to a simplification of the volume operator such that its spectrum can be determined explicitly. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-05 Martin Bojowald

In this paper we investigate dynamics of the modified loop quantum cosmology models using dynamical systems methods. Modifications considered come from the choice of the different field strength operator $\hat{F}$ and result in different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 Orest Hrycyna , Jakub Mielczarek , Marek Szydlowski

We analyze the quantum Bianchi I model in the setting of the nonstandard loop quantum cosmology. Elementary observables are used to quantize the volume operator. The spectrum of the volume operator is bounded from below and discrete. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-04 Przemyslaw Malkiewicz , Wlodzimierz Piechocki , Piotr Dzierzak

Isotropic models in loop quantum cosmology allow explicit calculations, thanks largely to a completely known volume spectrum, which is exploited in order to write down the evolution equation in a discrete internal time. Because of genuinely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Martin Bojowald

The effective dynamics of loop quantum gravity for marginally bound Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi spacetimes predict that the big-bang singularity is resolved and replaced by a cosmic bounce. Numerics show that these effective dynamics also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-12 Edward Wilson-Ewing

In this manuscript, we investigate the oscillatory behaviour of the anisotropy in the diagonal Bianchi-I spacetimes. Our starting point is a simplification of Einstein's equations using only observable or physical variables. As a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-02 Leandro G Gomes , Bruno B. Bizarria , Gabriel A. de Souza Silva , William O. Clavijo

A key result of isotropic loop quantum cosmology is the existence of a quantum bounce which occurs when the energy density of the matter field approaches a universal maximum close to the Planck density. Though the bounce has been exhibited…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-18 Peter Diener , Brajesh Gupt , Parampreet Singh

We study the dynamics of the Bianchi I universe in modified loop quantum cosmology (mLQC-I) and uncover a robust mechanism for isotropization: the shear is dynamically suppressed after the bounce and decays rapidly in the quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Wen-Cong Gan , Leila L. Graef , Rudnei O. Ramos , Gustavo S. Vicente , Anzhong Wang

We study the anisotropic Bianchi I and Bianchi II models in vacuum in the framework of deformed commutation relations (DCRs). Working in a parametrisation of the spatial metric by a volume and two anisotropy variables, we propose modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Gabriele Barca , Steffen Gielen

The quantum evolution equation of Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) -- the quantum Hamiltonian constraint -- is a difference equation. We relate the LQC constraint equation in vacuum Bianchi I separable (locally rotationally symmetric) models…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-01-25 Christine C. Dantas

Several examples are known where quantum gravity effects resolve the classical big bang singularity by a bounce. The most detailed analysis has probably occurred for loop quantum cosmology of isotropic models sourced by a free, massless…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Martin Bojowald