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In this paper, we further develop a recently proposed theory of time based on wavefunction collapse in general relativity. It is based on the postulations that quantum states, which violate the momentum and Hamiltonian constraints,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-23 Sung-Sik Lee

A possible mechanism of time is formulated by developing an idea of time replaced by quantum correlations, with the aid of modern quantum information theory. We invent a microscopic model, where correlations of a closed system are steadily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-14 Akimasa Miyake

In the usual formulation of quantum theory, time is a global classical evolution parameter, not a local quantum observable. On the other hand, both canonical quantum gravity (which lacks fundamental time-evolution parameter) and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 H. Nikolic

The theoretical framework established in arXiv:quant-ph/0404103 is extended to deal with possible astrophysical manifestations of phenomena involving reverse, as well as forward, causation in time. The basic idea is that space-time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 G. E. Hahne

I address the question whether the origin of the observed arrow of time can be derived from quantum cosmology. After a general discussion of entropy in cosmology and some numerical estimates, I give a brief introduction into quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-27 Claus Kiefer

Usually, it is supposed that irreversibility of time appears only in macrophysics. Here, we attempt to introduce the microphysical arrow of time assuming that at a fundamental level nature could be non-associative. Obtaining numerical…

General Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Merab Gogberashvili

It is argued that any operational measure of time is inseparably bound to the presence of a periodic process in some medium. Since, as first formulated by Einstein's (1905) equation for the energy, all "particles" (neutrons, electrons,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gerhard Groessing

We extend the theory of quantum time loops introduced by Greenberger and Svozil [1] from the scalar situation (where paths have just an associated complex amplitude) to the general situation where the time traveling system has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 J. E. Gough

This paper considers a new and deeply challenging face of the problem of time in the context of cosmology drawing on the work of Thiemann (2006, 2007). Thiemann argues for a radical response to the cosmic problem of time that requires us to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-09 Nicola Bamonti , Karim P. Y. Thébault

In the framework of any quantum theory in the Schroedinger picture a general operator time concept is given. For this purpose certain systems are emphasized as ideal quantum clocks. Their definition follows heuristically from a common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-10 Walter Gessner

In the early 2000s, the study of time operators advanced as one of the methods to understand the problem of time as mathematical science. However, the starting point for the time operator is to understand time as a problem of observation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-10 Tadashi Fujimoto

A generalized framework is developed which uses a set description instead of wavefunction to emphasize the role of the observer. Such a framework is found to be very effective in the study of the measurement problem and time's arrow.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhen Wang

Statistical physics cannot explain why a thermodynamic arrow of time exists, unless one postulates very special and unnatural initial conditions. Yet, we argue that statistical physics can explain why the thermodynamic arrow of time is…

General Physics · Physics 2012-10-10 Oleg Kupervasser , Hrvoje Nikolić , Vinko Zlatić

The problem of time in quantum mechanics concerns the fact that in the Schr\"odinger equation time is a parameter, not an operator. Pauli's objection to a time-energy uncertainty relation analogue to the position-momentum one, conjectured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 M. Bauer

Despite the fact that the fundamental physical laws are symmetric in time, most observed processes do not show this symmetry. Especially the phenomenon of decay seems to involve a kind of irreversibility that makes the definition of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kim J. Bostroem

A commonly adopted relational account of time evolution in generally-covariant systems, and more specifically in quantum cosmology, is argued to be unsatisfactory, insofar as it describes evolution relative to observed readings of a clock…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-10 Ian D. Lawrie

Frauchiger and Renner recently cast doubt on the universal applicability of Quantum Mechanics [1]. In the following, it is pointed out that their conclusion of one of three common-sense conditions, demanded for Quantum Mechanics, being…

General Physics · Physics 2020-04-23 Knud Thomsen

Quantum mechanics rests on the assumption that time is a classical variable. As such, classical time is assumed to be measurable with infinite accuracy. However, all real clocks are subject to quantum fluctuations, which leads to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J. M. Isidro , J. L. Gonzalez-Santander , P. Fernandez de Cordoba

The outcome of a single quantum experiment is unpredictable, except in a pure-state limit. The definite process that takes place in the apparatus may either be intrinsically random or be explainable from a deeper theory. While the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

In quantum mechanics, time is introduced as a non-measurable quantity, as there is no possibility to build a hermitian operator canonically conjugated to the Hamiltonian. We cannot have, therefore, the time operator, which means that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-27 Andrzej Góźdź , Marek Góźdź