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Sequential word order is important when processing text. Currently, neural networks (NNs) address this by modeling word position using position embeddings. The problem is that position embeddings capture the position of individual words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Benyou Wang , Donghao Zhao , Christina Lioma , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang , Jakob Grue Simonsen

Logics closed under classes of substitutions broader than class of uniform substitutions are known as hyperformal logics. This paper extends known results about hyperformal logics in two ways. First: we examine a very powerful form of…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Shay Allen Logan , Blane Worley

Subtyping, also known as subtype polymorphism, is a concept extensively studied in programming language theory, delineating the substitutability relation among datatypes. This property ensures that programs designed for supertype objects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Đorđe Marković , Marc Denecker

We investigate the usage of rule dependency graphs and their colorings for characterizing and computing answer sets of logic programs. This approach provides us with insights into the interplay between rules when inducing answer sets. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Kathrin Konczak , Thomas Linke , Torsten Schaub

A colouring of a hypergraph's vertices is polychromatic if every hyperedge contains at least one vertex of each colour; the polychromatic number is the maximum number of colours in such a colouring. Its dual, the cover-decomposition number,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-31 Béla Bollobás , David Pritchard , Thomas Rothvoß , Alex Scott

Regular edge-colored graphs encode colored triangulations of pseudo-manifolds. Here we study families of edge-colored graphs built from a finite but arbitrary set of building blocks, which extend the notion of $p$-angulations to arbitrary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Valentin Bonzom , Luca Lionni , Vincent Rivasseau

The theory of operads (May, cyclic, modular, PROPs, etc) is extended to include higher dimensional phenomena, i.e. operations between operations, mimicking the algebraic structure on varieties of arbitrary dimensions, having marked…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2010-12-16 Dennis Borisov

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

To each colored graph, one can associate its closure in the universal space of isomorphism classes of pointed colored graphs, and this subspace can be regarded as a generalized subshift. Based on this correspondence, we extend the notion of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-09-20 Ramón Barral Lijó , Hiraku Nozawa

We introduce a class of rooted graphs which allows one to encode various kinds of classical or quantum circuits. We then follow a set-theoretic approach to define rewrite systems over the considered graphs and propose a new complete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Rachid Echahed , Mnacho Echenim , Mehdi Mhalla , Nicolas Peltier

Graph problems are fundamentally challenging for large language models (LLMs). While LLMs excel at processing unstructured text, graph tasks require reasoning over explicit structure, permutation invariance, and computationally complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Angelo Zangari , Peyman Baghershahi , Sourav Medya

Many real-world phenomena are naturally modeled by graphs and networks. However, classical graph models are often limited to pairwise interactions and may not adequately capture the richer structures that arise in practice. Higher-order…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Takaaki Fujita , Florentin Smarandache

We give divisibility results for the (global) characteristic varieties of hypersurface complements expressed in terms of the local characteristic varieties at points along one of the irreducible components of the hypersurface. As an…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-02-14 Yongqiang Liu , Laurentiu Maxim

In this article we tackle the combinatorics of coloured hard-dimer objects. This is achieved by identifying coloured hard-dimer configurations with a certain class of rooted trees that allow for an algebraic treatment in terms of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-12-07 Maria Simonetta Bernabei , Horst Thaler

A theory about the implication structure in graph coloring is presented. Discovering hidden relations is a crucial activity in every scientific discipline. The development of mathematical models to study and discover such hidden relations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-01-12 Jose Antonio Martin H

E-graphs are a prominent data structure that has been increasing in popularity in recent years due to their expanding range of applications in various formal reasoning tasks. Often, they are used for equality saturation, a process of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Eytan Singher , Shachar Itzhaky

In this paper, we consider multivariate hyperedge elimination polynomials and multivariate chromatic polynomials for hypergraphs. The first set of polynomials is defined in terms of a deletion-contraction-extraction recurrence, previously…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-16 Jacob A White

We investigate various homotopy invariant formulations of commutative algebra in the context of rational homotopy theory. The main subject is the complete intersection condition, where we show that a growth condition implies a structure…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2010-06-11 J. P. C. Greenlees , K. Hess , S. Shamir

The intrinsic connection between lattice theory and topology is fairly well established, For instance, the collection of open subsets of a topological subspace always forms a distributive lattice. Persistent homology has been one of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-02-03 Primož Škraba , João Pita Costa

We prove that any finite set of half-planes can be colored by two colors so that every point of the plane, which belongs to at least three half-planes in the set, is covered by half-planes of both colors. This settles a problem of Keszegh.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-05 Radoslav Fulek