Related papers: Extractors and an efficient variant of Muchnik's t…
Muchnik's theorem about simple conditional descriptions states that for all strings $a$ and $b$ there exists a short program $p$ transforming $a$ to $b$ that has the least possible length and is simple conditional on $b$. In this paper we…
Many theorems about Kolmogorov complexity rely on existence of combinatorial objects with specific properties. Usually the probabilistic method gives such objects with better parameters than explicit constructions do. But the probabilistic…
Is it possible to find a shortest description for a binary string? The well-known answer is "no, Kolmogorov complexity is not computable." Faced with this barrier, one might instead seek a short list of candidates which includes a laconic…
An extractor is a function that receives some randomness and either "improves" it or produces "new" randomness. There are statistical and algorithmical specifications of this notion. We study an algorithmical one called Kolmogorov…
The notion of Kolmogorov complexity (=the minimal length of a program that generates some object) is often useful as a kind of language that allows us to reformulate some notions and therefore provide new intuition. In this survey we…
In combinatorics, the probabilistic method is a very powerful tool to prove the existence of combinatorial objects with interesting and useful properties. Explicit constructions of objects with such properties are often very difficult, or…
Kolmogorov complexity theory is used to tell what the algorithmic informational content of a string is. It is defined as the length of the shortest program that describes the string. We present a programming language that can be used to…
Given a set X of finite strings, one interesting question to ask is whether there exists a member of X which is simple conditional to all other members of X. Conditional simplicity is measured by low conditional Kolmogorov complexity. We…
We give an elementary proof of a generalization of Bourgain and Tzafriri's Restricted Invertibility Theorem, which says roughly that any matrix with columns of unit length and bounded operator norm has a large coordinate subspace on which…
It is known that Plotkin's reduction theorem is very important for his theory of universal algebraic geometry [arXiv:math. GM/0210187], [arXiv:math. GM/0210194]. It turns out that this theorem can be generalized to arbitrary categories…
The Kolmogorov complexity function K can be relativized using any oracle A, and most properties of K remain true for relativized versions. In section 1 we provide an explanation for this observation by giving a game-theoretic interpretation…
Bauwens, Mahklin, Vereshchagin and Zimand [ECCC TR13-007] and Teutsch [arxiv:1212.6104] have shown that given a string x it is possible to construct in polynomial time a list containing a short description of it. We simplify their technique…
The Kolmogorov complexity of x, denoted C(x), is the length of the shortest program that generates x. For such a simple definition, Kolmogorov complexity has a rich and deep theory, as well as applications to a wide variety of topics…
These lecture notes provide an introduction to combinatorics on words and its interactions with dynamics, algebra, and arithmetic. The central theme is the notion of low factor complexity for infinite words. We investigate the following…
We provide another proof to the EL Theorem. We show the tradeoff between compressibility of codebooks and their communication capacity. A resource bounded version of the EL Theorem is proven. This is used to prove three instances of…
We give a bijective proof of Macdonald's reduced word identity using pipe dreams and Little's bumping algorithm. This proof extends to a principal specialization due to Fomin and Stanley. Such a proof has been sought for over 20 years. Our…
The Kolmogorov complexity of the word w is equal to the length of the shortest concatenation of program Z and its input x with which the word w is computed by the universal turing machine U. The question introduced in this paper is the…
Randomness extraction is the process of constructing a source of randomness of high quality from one or several sources of randomness of lower quality. The problem can be modeled using probability distributions and min-entropy to measure…
A drawback of Kolmogorov-Chaitin complexity (K) as a function from s to the shortest program producing s is its noncomputability which limits its range of applicability. Moreover, when strings are short, the dependence of K on a particular…
This is a survey and research note on the modified Orlik conjecture derived from the division theorem introduced in [2]. The division theorem is a generalization of classical addition-deletion theorems for free arrangements. The division…