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It is shown that a canonical time observable may be defined for any quantum system having a discrete set of energy eigenvalues, thus significantly generalising the known case of time observables for periodic quantum systems (such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-23 Michael J. W. Hall

Some results are reviewed and developments are presented on the study of Time in quantum mechanics as an observable, canonically conjugate to energy. Operators for the observable Time are investigated in particle and photon quantum theory.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 V. S. Olkhovsky , E. Recami

Time operators for an abstract semi-bounded self-adjoint operator $H$ with purely discrete spectrum is considered. The existence of a bounded self-adjoint time operator $T$ for $H$ is known as Galapon time operator. In this paper, a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Fumio Hiroshima , Noriaki Teranishi

A construction of covariant quantum phase observables, for Hamiltonians with a finite number of energy eigenvalues, has been recently given by D. Arsenovic et al. [Phys. Rev. A 85, 044103 (2012)]. For Hamiltonians generating periodic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-15 Michael J. W. Hall , David T. Pegg

We consider some basic problems associated with quantum mechanics of systems having a time-dependent Hilbert space. We provide a consistent treatment of these systems and address the possibility of describing them in terms of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Ali Mostafazadeh

To admit a canonically conjugate time operator, the Hamiltonian has to be a generator of translations (like the momentum operator generates translations in space), so its spectrum must be unbounded. But the Hamiltonian governing our world…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

A class of pseudo-hermitian quantum system with an explicit form of the positive-definite metric in the Hilbert space is presented. The general method involves a realization of the basic canonical commutation relations defining the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-15 Pijush K. Ghosh

The failure of conventional quantum theory to recognize time as an observable and to admit time operators is addressed. Instead of focusing on the existence of a time operator for a given Hamiltonian, we emphasize the role of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-24 Curt A. Moyer

We provide a brief discussion regarding relativistic limits on the discretization and temporal resolution of time values in a quantum clock. Our clock is characterized by a time observable chosen to be the complement of a bounded and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Tommaso Favalli

In a remarkable development Bender and coworkers have shown that it is possible to formulate quantum mechanics consistently even if the Hamiltonian and other observables are not Hermitian. Their formulation, dubbed PT quantum mechanics,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-02 Katherine Jones-Smith , Harsh Mathur

We consider the characteristic time operator $\mathsf{T}$ introduced in [E. A. Galapon, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 458:2671 (2002)] which is bounded and self-adjoint. For a semibounded discrete Hamiltonian $\mathsf{H}$ with some growth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Ralph Adrian E. Farrales , Eric A. Galapon

There are enough reasons for us to consider time as a dynamical variable or operator; but according to Pauli's argument the existence of a self-adjoint time operator is incompatible with the semi-boundedness of Hamiltonian spectrum. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-26 Z. Y. Wang , B. Chen , C. D. Xiong

In arXiv:0709.0483 Gunther and Samsonov outline a ``generalization'' of quantum mechanics that involves simultaneous consideration of Hermitian and non-Hermitian operators and promises to be ``capable to produce effects beyond those of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-13 Ali Mostafazadeh

Time in quantum mechanics is peculiar: it is an observable that cannot be associated to an Hermitian operator. As a consequence it is impossible to explain dynamics in an isolated system without invoking an external classical clock, a fact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 Tommaso Favalli , Augusto Smerzi

Standard quantum theory represents a composite system at a given time by a joint state, but it does not prescribe a joint state for a composite of systems at different times. If a more even-handed treatment of space and time is possible,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-27 Dominic Horsman , Chris Heunen , Matthew F. Pusey , Jonathan Barrett , Robert W. Spekkens

This is a transcription of a conference proceedings from 1985. It reviews the Jordan algebra formulation of quantum mechanics. A possible novelty is the discussion of time evolution; the associator takes over the role of $i$ times the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-30 Paul K. Townsend

Quantum systems with constraints are often considered in modern theoretical physcics. All realistic field models based on the idea of gauge symmetry are of this type. A partial case of constraints being linear in coordinate and momenta…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. Yu. Shvedov

Aim of this paper is to show the possible significance, and usefulness, of various non-selfadjoint operators for suitable Observables in non relativistic and relativistic quantum mechanics, and in quantum electrodynamics. More specifically,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-10 Erasmo Recami , Vladislav S. Olkhovsky , Sergei P. Maydanyuk

A non-Hermitian operator may serve as the Hamiltonian for a unitary quantum system, if we can modify the Hilbert space of state vectors of the system so that it turns into a Hermitian operator. If this operator is time-dependent, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Ali Mostafazadeh

In this work we will advance farther along a line previously developed concerning our proposal of a time interval operator, on finite dimensional spaces. The time interval operator is Hermitian, and its eigenvalues are time values with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ruzzi , D. Galetti
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