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We analyze a minimal model of a growing network. At each time step, a new vertex is added; then, with probability delta, two vertices are chosen uniformly at random and joined by an undirected edge. This process is repeated for t time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Duncan S. Callaway , John E. Hopcroft , Jon M. Kleinberg , M. E. J. Newman , Steven H. Strogatz

We consider growing random recursive trees in random environment, in which at each step a new vertex is attached (by an edge of a random length) to an existing tree vertex according to a probability distribution that assigns the tree…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Konstantin Borovkov , Vladimir Vatutin

We introduce a new model of random tree that grows like a random recursive tree, except at some exceptional "doubling events" when the tree is replaced by two copies of itself attached to a new root. We prove asymptotic results for the size…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Jakob E. Björnberg , Cécile Mailler

We study the problem of determining the distribution of vertices of a particular given type in the set of all Feynman tree graphs in quantum field theories. We show that in almost all cases a Gaussian distribution arises asymptotically, and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Petros Draggiotis , Ronald Kleiss

We investigate the statistics of trees grown from some initial tree by attaching links to preexisting vertices, with attachment probabilities depending only on the valence of these vertices. We consider the asymptotic mass distribution that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 François David , Philippe Di Francesco , Emmanuel Guitter , Thordur Jonsson

We prove almost sure convergence of the maximum degree in an evolving tree model combining local choice and preferential attachment. At each step in the growth of the graph, a new vertex is introduced. A fixed, finite number of possible…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-19 Yury Malyshkin , Elliot Paquette

We investigate vertex levels of containment in a random hypergraph grown in the spirit of a recursive tree. We consider a local profile tracking the evolution of the containment of a particular vertex over time, and a global profile…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-19 Joshua Sparks , Srinivasan Balaji , Hosam Mahmoud

A self-similar growth-fragmentation describes the evolution of particles that grow and split as time passes. Its genealogy yields a self-similar continuum tree endowed with an intrinsic measure. Extending results of Haas for pure…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-13 François G. Ged

We introduce a network growth model in which the preferential attachment probability includes the fitness vertex and the Euclidean distance between nodes. We grow a planar network around its barycenter. Each new site is fixed in space by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marcelo D. S. de Meneses , Sharon D. da Cunha , D. J. B. Soares , L. R. da Silva

A multi-type preferential attachment tree is introduced, and studied using general multi-type branching processes. For the $p$-type case we derive a framework for studying the tree where a type $i$ vertex generates new type $j$ vertices…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-05 Sebastian Rosengren

We examine a discrete random recursive tree growth process that, at each time step, either adds or deletes a node from the tree with probability $p$ and $1-p$, respectively. Node addition follows the usual uniform attachment model. For node…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Arnold Saunders

Recent work on the structure of social networks and the internet has focussed attention on graphs with distributions of vertex degree that are significantly different from the Poisson degree distributions that have been widely studied in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. E. J. Newman , S. H. Strogatz , D. J. Watts

A power law degree distribution is established for a graph evolution model based on the graph class of k-trees. This k-tree-based graph process can be viewed as an idealized model that captures some characteristics of the preferential…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-11-27 Yong Gao

We study random unrooted plane trees with $n$ vertices sampled according to the weights corresponding to the vertex-degrees. Our main result shows that if the generating series of the weights has positive radius of convergence, then this…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Leon Ramzews , Benedikt Stufler

Real networks often grow through the sequential addition of new nodes that connect to older ones in the graph. However, many real systems evolve through the branching of fundamental units, whether those be scientific fields, countries, or…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-30 Muhua Zheng , Guillermo García-Pérez , Marián Boguñá , M. Ángeles Serrano

We propose a consistent approach to the statistics of the shortest paths in random graphs with a given degree distribution. This approach goes further than a usual tree ansatz and rigorously accounts for loops in a network. We calculate the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-04-05 S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes , A. N. Samukhin

In this paper, we propose an evolving network model growing fast in units of module, based on the analysis of the evolution characteristics in real complex networks. Each module is a small-world network containing several interconnected…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-10-11 Zou Zhi-Yun , Liu Peng , Lei Li , Gao Jian-Zhi

We study a model of random $\mathcal{R}$-enriched trees that is based on weights on the $\mathcal{R}$-structures and allows for a unified treatment of a large family of random discrete structures. We establish distributional limits…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-12 Benedikt Stufler

We introduce a deterministic model for scale-free networks, whose degree distribution follows a power-law with the exponent $\gamma$. At each time step, each vertex generates its offsprings, whose number is proportional to the degree of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Jung , S. Kim , B. Kahng

We study the basic preferential attachment process, which generates a sequence of random trees, each obtained from the previous one by introducing a new vertex and joining it to one existing vertex, chosen with probability proportional to…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-31 Graham Brightwell , Malwina J. Luczak