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We present a simple description of the energy density profile created in a nucleus-nucleus collision, motivated by high-energy QCD. The energy density is modeled as the sum of contributions coming from elementary collisions between…

This study investigates the multiplicity information entropy of hadrons, anti-hadrons, baryons, and net-protons in central \(^{197}\)Au+\(^{197}\)Au collisions with impact parameters of 0$-$3 fm, using the ultrarelativistic quantum…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-01-31 Xian-Gai Deng , Yu-Gang Ma

The shape and orientation of colliding nuclei play a crucial role in determining the initial conditions of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which influence key observables such as anisotropic and radial flow. In these proceedings, we present…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-10-06 Chunjian Zhang

We present a novel ``imaging-by-smashing" approach for probing nuclear deformation in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. By analyzing anisotropic-flow ($v_n$) and mean transverse momentum ($\left[p_T\right]$)-based observables in collisions…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-12-08 Chunjian Zhang

We develop a 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model for central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by implementing finite-size profiles for the initial energy density.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

The Lanzhou Cooling-Storage-Ring facility is set to conduct experiments involving Uranium-Uranium collisions at the center of mass energies ranging from 2.12 to 2.4 GeV. Our investigation is focused on various bulk observables, which…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-11-03 Aswini Kumar Sahoo , Xionghong He , Yasushi Nara , Subhash Singha

Central collisions induced by high energy radioactive beams can be used as a novel means to obtain crucial information about the high density ({\rm HD}) behaviour of nuclear symmetry energy. This information is critical for understanding…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Bao-An Li

The behavior of hadronic matter at high baryon densities is studied within Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (URQMD). Baryonic stopping is observed for Au+Au collisions from SIS up to SPS energies. The excitation function of flow…

The present work focuses on Oxygen-Oxygen (O-O) collisions, which are planned at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Oxygen, being a doubly magic number nucleus, has some very unique features. This study attempts to probe the exotic state of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-15 Debadatta Behera , Suman Deb , Captain R. Singh , Raghunath Sahoo

Analysis of directed flow ($v_1$) of protons, antiprotons and pions in heavy-ion collisions is performed in the range of collision energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.7--39 GeV. Simulations have been done within a three-fluid model employing a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-01-26 Yu. B. Ivanov , A. A. Soldatov

Using a multi-phase transport (AMPT) model that includes the implementation of deformed Uranium nuclei, we have studied the centrality dependence of the charged particle multiplicity, <pT>, eccentricity (e2), triangularity (e3), their…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-03 Md. Rihan Haque , Zi-Wei Lin , Bedangadas Mohanty

At low to moderate collision energies where the parton formation time $\tau_F$ is not small compared to the nuclear crossing time, the finite nuclear thickness significantly affects the energy density $\epsilon(t)$ and net conserved-charge…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-03-22 Todd Mendenhall , Zi-Wei Lin

Excitation functions for the Gaussian emission source radii difference ($R^2_{\text{out}} - R^2_{\text{side}}$) obtained from two-pion interferometry measurements in Au+Au ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 7.7 - 200$ GeV) and Pb+Pb ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 2.76$…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-04-16 Roy A. Lacey

We have implemented spherical harmonics in default Wood Saxon distribution of the HIJING model and calculated various physical observables such as transverse momentum, charged particle multiplicity, nuclear modification factor and particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-10-12 S. K. Tripathy , M. Younus , Z. Naik , P. K. Sahu

In order to trace the initial interaction in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision in all azimuthal directions, two azimuthal multiplicity-correlation patterns -- neighboring and fixed-to-arbitrary angular-bin correlation patterns -- are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 Meijuan Wang , Lianshou Liu , Yuanfang Wu

Here, we propose a novel approach to experimentally and theoretically study the properties of QCD matter under new extreme conditions, namely having an initial temperature over 300~MeV and baryonic charge density over three times the values…

It has been theorized that if heavy nuclei (e.g. Au, Pb) are collided at sufficiently high energies, we might be to recreate the conditions that existed in the universe a few microseconds after the Big Bang. The kinetic energy of the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-07-18 Anuj K. Purwar

Collisions of deformed uranium nuclei are studied in a Monte-Carlo Glauber model. For U+U at zero impact parameter (b=0) in the most favorable orientation (tip-to-tip), the transverse particle density (charged-particle rapidity density per…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Nepali , G. Fai , D. Keane

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the study of deformed uranium-uranium ($U$-$U$) collisions in its various geometrical configurations due to their usefulness in understanding the different aspects of quantum chromodynamics…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-10-31 O. S. K. Chaturvedi , P. K. Srivastava , Ashwini Kumar , B. K. Singh

We investigate the possibility of selecting heavy ion collision events with certain features in the initial state ("event engineering"). Anisotropic flow measurements in heavy ion reactions have confirmed the almost ideal fluid dynamical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-11-13 Hannah Petersen , Berndt Muller