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For the construction of the ATLAS Inner Tracker strip detector, silicon strip sensor modules are glued directly onto carbon fibre support structures using a soft silicone gel. During tests at temperatures below \unit[-35]{$^{\circ}$C},…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-10 Haider Abidi , Vitaliy Fadeyev , Tim Jones , Akhil Kumar , Tom Lee , Luise Poley , Craig Sawyer , Giorgio Vallone , Sven Wonsak

A promising scheme for electron microrefrigeration based on ferromagnet-superconductor contacts is presented. In this setup, cooling power densities up to 600 nW/$\mu$m$^2$ can be achieved leading to electronic temperature reductions…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-07 F. Giazotto , F. Taddei , R. Fazio , F. Beltram

Silicon tracking detectors have grown to cover larger surface areas up to hundreds of square meters, and are even taking over other sub-detectors, such as calorimeters. However, further improvements in tracking detector performance are more…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-08-09 Sungjoon Kim , Vikas Berry , Jessica Metcalfe , Anirudha V. Sumant

To provide a stable thermal environment for the AMS-Tracker, a thermal control system based on mechanically pumped CO2 two-phase loops was developed. It has been operating reliably in space since May 19, 2011. In this article, we summarize…

Several future high-energy physics facilities are currently being planned. The proposed projects include high energy $e^+ e^-$ circular and linear colliders, hadron colliders and muon colliders, while the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) has…

The present Compact Muon Solenoid silicon pixel tracking system has been designed for a peak luminosity of 1034cm-2s-1 and total dose corresponding to two years of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operation. With the steady increase of the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2011-10-11 N. Parashar

At the end of Run 3 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the accelerator complex will be upgraded to the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in order to increase the total amount of data provided to its experiments. To cope with the increased rates…

The CMS pixel detector has been designed for a peak luminosity of 10^34cm-2s-1 and a total dose corresponding to 2 years of LHC operation at a radius of 4 cm from the interaction region. Parts of the pixel detector will have to be replaced…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2010-01-25 H. C. Kästli

AC power cycling tests allow the most realistic reliability assessment by applying close to real stress to the device or module under test to meet functional safety standards, which is highly critical for traction applications. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Masoud Farhadi , Bhanu Teja Vankayalapati , Rahman Sajadi , Bilal Akin

In the field of high-energy particle detection, detectors operating in high-radiation environments primarily face high costs associated with power consumption and cooling systems. Therefore, the development of particle detectors capable of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-11 Xingchen Li , Sen Zhao , Mengke Cai , Suyu Xiao , Congcong Wang , Weimin Song , Xin Shi , Xiyuan Zhang

To cope with the challenging environment of the planned high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), scheduled to start operation in 2029, CMS will replace its entire tracking system. The requirements for the tracker are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-12 The Tracker Group of the CMS Collaboration

Lack of materials which are thermoelectrically efficient and economically attractive is a challenge in thermoelectricity. Silicon could be a good thermoelectric material offering CMOS compatibility, harmlessness and cost reduction but it…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-23 M. Haras , V. Lacatena , F. Morini , J. -F. Robillard , S. Monfray , T. Skotnicki , E. Dubois

After the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) upgrade into High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the instantaneous luminosity is expected to reach values up to 7.5x10^34cm^2/s, causing a harsher radiation environment as well as a significant increase in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-07 Giorgia Bonomelli

We propose a solid state refrigeration technique based on repeated adiabatic magnetization/demagnetization cycles of a superconductor which acts as the working substance. The gradual cooling down of a substrate (normal metal) in contact…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-05-14 Sreenath K. Manikandan , Francesco Giazotto , Andrew N. Jordan

The LHCb experiment at CERN has been upgraded for the Run 3 operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A new concept of tracking detector based on Scintillating Fibres (SciFi) read out with multichannel silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs)…

Cooling systems based on the caloric effects of ferroic materials show high potential for various cooling and heat-pumping applications due to their potentially high efficiencies and the lack of any environmentally hazardous refrigerants.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-08-30 Jan Kalizan , Jaka Tušek

The semiconductor tracker (SCT) is one of the tracking systems for charged particles in the ATLAS detector. It consists of 4088 silicon strip sensor modules. During Run 2 (2015$-$2018) the Large Hadron Collider delivered an integrated…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-01-21 ATLAS Collaboration

The entire CMS silicon pixel detector will be replaced to operate at the High-Luminosity LHC. In this contribution, the new Tracker Endcap Pixel detector will be presented, focusing on a novel concept to provide both power and data…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-11-15 Arne Christoph Reimers

The effect of moderate cooling on CdZnTe semiconductor detectors has been studied for the COBRA experiment. Improvements in energy resolution and low energy threshold were observed and quantified as a function of temperature. Leakage…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-02-02 J. V. Dawson , C. Montag , C. Reeve , J. R. Wilson , K. Zuber