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We propose an efficient four-intensity decoy-state BB84 protocol and derive concise security bounds for this protocol with the universally composable finite-key analysis method. Comparing with the efficient three-intensity protocol, we find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-16 Haodong Jiang , Ming Gao , Bao Yan , Weilong Wang , Zhi Ma

We present an approach to the unconditional security of quantum key distribution protocols based on the uncertainty principle. The approach applies to every case that has been treated via the argument by Shor and Preskill, and relieve them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masato Koashi

Memory-assisted quantum key distribution (MA-QKD) systems are among novel promising solutions that can improve the key-rate scaling with channel loss. By using a middle node with quantum storage and measurement functionalities, they offer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Mohsen Razavi

We investigate the security bounds of quantum cryptographic protocols using $d$-level systems. In particular, we focus on schemes that use two mutually unbiased bases, thus extending the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme to higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Gernot Alber

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD), which is immune to all possible detector side channel attacks, enables two remote legitimate users to perform secure communications without quantum repeaters. With the help of a central node,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-29 Shao-Fu He , Yang Wang , Hong-Wei Li , Wan-Su Bao

Numerical security proofs offer a versatile approach for evaluating the secret-key generation rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. However, existing methods typically require perfect source characterization, which is…

We provide a security analysis for continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols based on the transmission of squeezed vacuum states measured via homodyne detection. We employ a version of the entropic uncertainty relation for…

We present results of practical sending-or-not quantum key distribution. In real-life implementations, we need consider the following three requirements, a few different intensities rather than infinite number of different intensities, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-02 Zong-Wen Yu , Xiao-Long Hu , Cong Jiang , Hai Xu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Basic techniques to prove the unconditional security of quantum cryptography are described. They are applied to a quantum key distribution protocol proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984. The proof considers a practical variation on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dominic Mayers

We discuss the potential of quantum key distribution (QKD) for long distance communication by proposing a new analysis of the errors caused by dark counts. We give sufficient conditions for a considerable improvement of the key generation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. -C. Boileau , J. Batuwantudawe , R. Laflamme

Quantum key distribution is a cornerstone of quantum cryptography, enabling secure communication through the principles of quantum mechanics. In reality, most practical implementations rely on the decoy-state method to ensure security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Zitai Xu , Yizhi Huang , Xiongfeng Ma

An essential step in quantum key distribution is the estimation of parameters related to the leaked amount of information, which is usually done by sampling of the communication data. When the data size is finite, the final key rate depends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Shun Kawakami , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

Discrete-Modulated (DM) Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) protocols are promising candidates for commercial implementations of quantum communication networks due to their experimental simplicity. While tight security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Florian Kanitschar , Ian George , Jie Lin , Twesh Upadhyaya , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution is among the foremost applications of quantum mechanics, both in terms of fundamental physics and as a technology on the brink of commercial deployment. Starting from principal schemes and initial proofs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-01-29 Wolfgang Mauerer , Wolfram Helwig , Christine Silberhorn

We demonstrate that a necessary precondition for unconditionally secure quantum key distribution is that sender and receiver can use the available measurement results to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcos Curty , Maciej Lewenstein , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure key generation method between two distant parties by wisely exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. In QKD, experimental measurement outcomes on quantum states are transformed by the two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-01 Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Xiongfeng Ma , H. F. Chau

The goal of this paper is to extend the framework of finite size analysis recently developed for quantum key distribution to continuous-variable protocols. We do not solve this problem completely here, and we mainly consider the finite size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-29 Anthony Leverrier , Frédéric Grosshans , Philippe Grangier

Coherent-one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a significant communication protocol that has been implemented experimentally and deployed in practical products due to its simple equipment requirements. However, existing security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Ming-Yang Li , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum conditional entropies play a fundamental role in quantum information theory. In quantum key distribution, they are exploited to obtain reliable lower bounds on the secret-key rates in the finite-size regime, against collective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Gabriele Staffieri , Giovanni Scala , Cosmo Lupo