Related papers: On QCD analysis of stucture function $F_2^{\gamma}…
The QCD treatment of the photon structure beyond the leading order is discussed with emphasis on a proper choice of the factorization scheme and/or the boundary conditions. Recent parametrizations of the photon's parton content are examined…
The computation of the NLO-QCD corrections to the cross sections for W \gamma \gamma production in hadronic collisions is presented. We consider the case of real photons in the final state, but include full leptonic decays of the W.…
We investigate the effect of the structure function F_L in global parton analyses of deep inelastic and related hard scattering data. We perform NLO and NNLO analyses which include the reduced cross section HERA data at high y, as well as…
A new analysis of the radiatively generated, LO quark (u,d,s,c,b) and gluon densities in the real, unpolarized photon, improved in respect to our paper [1], is presented. We perform four new global fits to the experimental data for…
QCD corrections to the QED formula for parton distribution functions of the longitudinal virtual photon are derived in the leading--logarithmic approximation. It is shown that the resulting PDF satisfy the same homogeneous evolution…
Interactions of virtual photons are analyzed in terms of photon structure. It is argued that the concept of parton distribution functions is phenomenologically very useful even for highly virtual photons involved in hard collisions. This…
Gluon distributions in real and virtual photons are calculated using evolution equations in the NLO approximation. The quark distributions in the photon determined on the basis of the QCD sum rule approach in ref.[1] are taken as an input.…
The photon parton distribution function (PDF) of the proton is crucial for precise comparisons of LHC cross sections with theoretical predictions. However, it was previously affected by very large uncertainties of around ${\cal O}(100\%)$…
Measurements of the QED structure of the photon based on the reaction ee --> ee \gamma(*)(P^2)\gamma*(Q^2) --> ee mumu are discussed. This review is an update of the discussion of the results on the QED structure of the photon presented in…
The QCD structure of the electron is defined and calculated. The leading order splitting functions are extracted, showing an important contribution from $\gamma$-$Z$ interference. Leading logarithmic QCD evolution equations are constructed…
Nuclear parton distribution functions (NPDFs) are determined by a global analysis of experimental measurements on structure-function ratios F_2^A/F_2^{A'} and Drell-Yan cross section ratios \sigma_{DY}^A/\sigma_{DY}^{A'}, and their…
The QCD corrections to photon structure functions are defined in a way consistent with the factorization scheme invariance. It is shown that the conventional DIS$_{\gamma}$ factorization scheme does not respect this invariance and is thus…
In this paper the two-photon interactions at high energies are investigated considering different approaches for the QCD dynamics. In particular, we calculate the $\gamma^* \gamma^*$ total cross section in different theoretical approches…
The unique nature of the photon can be investigated in hitherto unexplored kinematic regions at LEP2. We discuss the theoretical significance of deep inelastic measurements and present a prescription that allows a theoretically and…
Q$^2$ variation of the nuclear-structure-function ratio $F_2^A(x,Q^2)/F_2^D(x,Q^2)$ is investigated in a parton model with Q$^2$-rescaling and parton-recombination effects. Calculated results are compared with the NMC (New Muon…
The present knowledge of the structure of the photon based on measurements of photon structure functions is discussed. This review covers QED structure functions and the hadronic structure function F_2^gamma.
A pion distribution amplitude, derived from nonlocal QCD sum rules, has been employed to calculate $F_{\gamma^*\gamma\to\pi}(Q^2)$ using light-cone sum rules, and $F_{\pi}(Q^2)$ in NLO QCD perturbation theory. Predictions are presented for…
We analyse the data for the proton structure function $F_2$ over the entire $Q^2$ domain, including especially low $Q^2$, in terms of perturbative and non-perturbative QCD contributions. The small distance configurations are given by…
The photon is explored as an object to test the applications of QCD to the perturbatively calculable collinear parton distributions. We investigate analytic properties of DVCS amplitudes and related sum rules of generalized parton…
The parton distributions functions (PDFs) derived from the NNLO QCD analysis of existing light-targets deep-inelastic-scattering data are presented. The NLO and NNLO PDFs are compared in order to analyze perturbative stability of the…