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We establish the deformation theory of Lie groupoid morphisms, describe the corresponding deformation cohomology of morphisms, and show the properties of the cohomology. We prove its invariance under isomorphisms of morphisms. Additionally,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Cristian Camilo Cárdenas

Homotopic morphisms of $\mathbb E$-triangles in extriangulated categories are introduced. Any morphism of $\mathbb E$-triangles is a composition of homotopic morphisms. Any morphism $(\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3)$ of $\mathbb E$-triangles…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Chencheng Zhang , Xue-Song Lu , Pu Zhang

We investigate the properties of formal languages expressible in terms of formulas over quantifier-free theories of word equations, arithmetic over length constraints, and language membership predicates for the classes of regular, visibly…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Joel D. Day , Vijay Ganesh , Nathan Grewal , Florin Manea

We provide a treatment of isomorphism within a set-theoretic formulation of dependent type theory. Type expressions are assigned their natural set-theoretic compositional meaning. Types are divided into small and large types --- sets and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-01-23 David McAllester

An infinite permutation is a linear order on the set N. We study the properties of infinite permutations generated by fixed points of some uniform binary morphisms, and find the formula for their complexity.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Alexander Valyuzhenich

P. Baird and the second author studied harmonic morphisms from a three-dimensional simply-connected space form to a surface and obtained a complete local and global classification of them. In this paper, we obtain a description of all…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 M. T. Mustafa , J. C. Wood

We consider Parikh images of languages accepted by non-deterministic finite automata and context-free grammars; in other words, we treat the languages in a commutative way --- we do not care about the order of letters in the accepted word,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-03-23 Eryk Kopczyński

Research in linguistics has shown that humans can read words with internally scrambled letters, a phenomenon recently dubbed typoglycemia. Some specific NLP models have recently been proposed that similarly demonstrate robustness to such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Gianluca Sperduti , Alejandro Moreo

A word is said to be \emph{bordered} if it contains a non-empty proper prefix that is also a suffix. We can naturally extend this definition to pairs of non-empty words. A pair of words $(u,v)$ is said to be \emph{mutually bordered} if…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Daniel Gabric

This paper studies obstructions to preservation of return sets by episturmian morphisms. We show, by way of an explicit construction, that infinitely many obstructions exist. This generalizes and improves an earlier result about Sturmian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Valérie Berthé , Herman Goulet-Ouellet

We provide a survey of results from symbolic dynamics and algebraic topology relating to Grout, a new user-friendly program developed to calculate combinatorial properties and topological invariants of a large class of symbolic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-06-01 Dan Rust , Scott Balchin

Along with some known and less known results, we discuss new insights relating combinatorics of words and the ordering of the rationals from a dynamical systems point of view, somehow continuing along the path started in [BI]. We obtain in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Stefano Isola , Francesco Marchionni

We extend the classical Ostrowski numeration systems, closely related to Sturmian words, by allowing a wider range of coefficients, so that possible representations of a number $n$ better reflect the structure of the associated Sturmian…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Anna Frid

We investigate the algebras of invariants and the properties of the quotient morphism by an action of a finite group scheme in terms of stabilizers of points.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Skryabin

We obtain an upper and lower bound for the number of reduced words for a permutation in terms of the number of braid classes and the number of commutation classes of the permutation. We classify the permutations that achieve each of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-06 Susanna Fishel , Elizabeth Milićević , Rebecca Patrias , Bridget Eileen Tenner

Covering arrays for words of length $t$ over a $d$ letter alphabet are $k \times n$ arrays with entries from the alphabet so that for each choice of $t$ columns, each of the $d^t$ $t$-letter words appears at least once among the rows of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-20 Joshua Cassels , Anant Godbole

In this work we consider morphisms that preserve well-known non-repeating properties: squarefreeness, cubefreeness, overlap-freeness and weak squarefreeness. Up to the present moment only the morphisms preserving three out of four…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-04 Boris Zolotov

Revealing the robustness issues of natural language processing models and improving their robustness is important to their performance under difficult situations. In this paper, we study the robustness of paraphrase identification models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Zhouxing Shi , Minlie Huang

Word similarity has many applications to social science and cultural analytics tasks like measuring meaning change over time and making sense of contested terms. Yet traditional similarity methods based on cosine similarity between word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Kaitlyn Zhou , Haishan Gao , Sarah Chen , Dan Edelstein , Dan Jurafsky , Chen Shani

An infinite permutation is a linear ordering of the set of natural numbers. An infinite permutation can be defined by a sequence of real numbers where only the order of elements is taken into account. In the paper we investigate a new class…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-15 Sergey V. Avgustinovich , Anna E. Frid , Svetlana Puzynina