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Extending the approach developed by Ara\'ujo and Stoeger [1] and improved in Ara\'ujo {\it et al} [2], we have shown how to construct dust-filled $\Lambda \neq 0$ Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological models from FLRW…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-20 M. E. Araujo , W. S. Stoeger , R. C. Arcuri , M. L. Bedran

We present a new solution to the cosmological constant (CC) and coincidence problems in which the observed value of the CC, $\Lambda$, is linked to other observable properties of the universe. This is achieved by promoting the CC from a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 Douglas J. Shaw , John D. Barrow

The advent of large data-set in cosmology has meant that in the past 10 or 20 years our knowledge and understanding of the Universe has changed not only quantitatively but also, and most importantly, qualitatively. Cosmologists rely on data…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Licia Verde

Spherically symmetric solutions in F(R) theories in astronomical systems with rising energy density are studied. The range of parameters is established for which the flat space-time approximation for the background metric is valid. For the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-16 E. V. Arbuzova , A. D. Dolgov , L. Reverberi

Straight lines are common features in human made environments, which makes them a frequently explored feature for control applications. Many control schemes, like Visual Servoing, require the 3D parameters of the features to be estimated.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-22 André Mateus , Omar Tahri , Pedro Miraldo

Theorists are often told to express things in the "observational plane". One can do this for space-time geometry, considering "visual" observations of matter in our universe by a single observer over time, with no assumptions about…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-11-20 Albert Stebbins

This paper focuses on two aspects of the statistics of cosmological observables that are important for the next stages of precision cosmology. First, we note that the theory of reduced angular $N$-point spectra has only been developed in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-02 Ermis Mitsou , Jaiyul Yoo , Ruth Durrer , Fulvio Scaccabarozzi , Vittorio Tansella

In this work, we propose an observation system based on the available data which solution is one-be-one mapping to the forward problem(with the unknown initial function) solution. It implies their solutions share the same linear structure…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Dakang Cen , Zhiyuan Li , Wenlong Zhang

For most of its history, cosmology was a qualitatively constrained discourse on the universe, shaped by limited observational access and the absence of global dynamical laws. This situation has changed decisively in recent decades. Modern…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Emmanuel N. Saridakis

As science and engineering have become increasingly data-driven, the role of optimization has expanded to touch almost every stage of the data analysis pipeline, from signal and data acquisition to modeling and prediction. The optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Yuqian Zhang , Qing Qu , John Wright

The analysis of absorption features along the line of sight to distant sources is an invaluable tool for observational cosmology, giving a direct insight into the physical and chemical state of the inter/circumgalactic medium. Such…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-18 Guido Cupani , Giorgio Calderone , Stefano Cristiani , Francesco Guarneri

We consider the spherically symmetric metric with a comoving perfect fluid and non-zero pressure -- the Lemaitre metric -- and present it in the form of a calculational algorithm. We use it to review the definition of mass, and to look at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Alnadhief A. H. Alfedeel , Charles Hellaby

We consider the hyperboloidal initial value problem in numerical relativity, motivated by the goal to evolve radiating compact objects such as black hole binaries with a numerical grid that includes null infinity. Unconstrained evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-07 Alex Vañó-Viñuales , Sascha Husa , David Hilditch

We have previously shown that spherically symmetric, inhomogeneous universe models can explain both the supernova data and the location of the first peak in the CMB spectrum without resorting to dark energy. In this work, we investigate…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Havard Alnes , Morad Amarzguioui

The transfer equation in spherical geometry with central symmetry, which is a partial differential equation in two variables r and m, is reduced to a one-dimensional transfer equation in r parametric in m. This is done by dropping the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles H Aboughantous

Observational cosmology provides us with a large number of high precision data which are used to derive models trying to reproduce ``on the mean'' our observable patch of the Universe. Most of these attempts are achieved in the framework of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-10 Marie-Noëlle Célérier

We consider the standard problem of observational astronomy, i.e. the observations of light emission from a distant region of spacetime in general relativity. The goal is to describe the changes between the measurements of the light…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-02 Michele Grasso , Mikołaj Korzyński , Julius Serbenta

We use null spherical (observational) coordinates to describe a class of inhomogeneous cosmological models. The proposed cosmological construction is based on the observer past null cone. A known difficulty in using inhomogeneous models is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Mustapha Ishak

Cosmological models typically neglect the complicated nature of the spacetime manifold at small scales in order to hypothesize idealized general relativistic solutions for describing the average dynamics of the Universe. Although these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-29 Thomas Buchert , Henk van Elst , Asta Heinesen

The homogeneous and isotropic radiation dominated universe, following the inflationary stage, is expressed as a spherically symmetric and inhomogeneous spacetime upon a power law type conformal transformation of the null (cosmological)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-24 Sujoy K. Modak