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Motivated by the work of Lov\'asz and Szegedy on the convergence and limits of dense graph sequences, we investigate the convergence and limits of finite trees with respect to sampling in normalized distance. Based on separable real trees,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Gábor Elek , Gábor Tardos

Erd\H{o}s and Palka initiated the study of the maximal size of induced trees in random graphs in 1983. They proved that for every fixed $0<p<1$ the size of a largest induced tree in $G_{n,p}$ is concentrated around $2\log_q (np)$ with high…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-07 Nemanja Draganić

We prove almost sure convergence of the maximum degree in an evolving tree model combining local choice and preferential attachment. At each step in the growth of the graph, a new vertex is introduced. A fixed, finite number of possible…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-19 Yury Malyshkin , Elliot Paquette

We show the existence of the local dimension of an invariant probability measure on an infinitely generated self-affine set, for almost all translations. This implies that an ergodic probability measure is exactly dimensional. Furthermore…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-22 Eino Rossi

We analyze the convergence of the spectrum of large random graphs to the spectrum of a limit infinite graph. We apply these results to graphs converging locally to trees and derive a new formula for the Stieljes transform of the spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-05-05 Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge

We consider two varieties of labeled rooted trees, and the probability that a vertex chosen from all vertices of all trees of a given size uniformly at random has a given rank. We prove that this probability converges to a limit as the tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-15 Miklos Bona , Istvan Mezo

A multi-type branching process is defined as a random tree with labeled vertices, where each vertex produces offspring independently according to the same multivariate probability distribution. We demonstrate that in realizations of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Jochem Hoogendijk , Ivan Kryven , Rik Versendaal

In this paper we determine the percolation threshold for an arbitrary sequence of dense graphs $(G_n)$. Let $\lambda_n$ be the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of $G_n$, and let $G_n(p_n)$ be the random subgraph of $G_n$ obtained…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-02-04 Béla Bollobás , Christian Borgs , Jennifer Chayes , Oliver Riordan

We study an equilibrium statistical mechanical model of tree graphs which are made up of a linear subgraph (the spine) to which leaves are attached. We prove that the model has two phases, a generic phase where the spine becomes infinitely…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Thordur Jonsson , Sigurdur O. Stefansson

We introduce a process where a connected rooted multigraph evolves by splitting events on its vertices, occurring randomly in continuous time. When a vertex splits, its incoming edges are randomly assigned between its offspring and a…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-05 Agelos Georgakopoulos , John Haslegrave

We investigate the structure of trees that have greatest maximum eigenvalue among all trees with a given degree sequence. We show that in such an extremal tree the degree sequence is non-increasing with respect to an ordering of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-18 Tuerker Biyikoglu , Marc Hellmuth , Josef Leydold

It is conjectured that the Laplacian spectrum of a graph is majorized by its conjugate degree sequence. In this paper, we prove that this majorization holds for a class of graphs including trees. We also show that a generalization of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tamon Stephen

Elek and Lippner (2010) showed that the convergence of a sequence of bounded-degree graphs implies the existence of a limit for the proportion of vertices covered by a maximum matching. We provide a characterization of the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge , Justin Salez

We prove that if a tree $T$ has $n$ vertices and maximum degree at most $\Delta$, then a copy of $T$ can almost surely be found in the random graph $\mathcal{G}(n,\Delta\log^5 n/n)$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-27 Richard Montgomery

We study random digraphs on sequences of expanders with bounded average degree {which converge locally in probability}. We prove that the threshold for the existence of a giant strongly connected component, as well as the asymptotic…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-01 Yeganeh Alimohammadi , Christian Borgs , Amin Saberi

We prove the existence of a limit of the finite volume probability measures generated by tree growth rules in Ford's alpha model of phylogenetic trees. The limiting measure is shown to be concentrated on the set of trees consisting of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-10-08 Sigurdur Orn Stefansson

Consider a statistical physical model on the $d$-regular infinite tree $T_{d}$ described by a set of interactions $\Phi$. Let $\{G_{n}\}$ be a sequence of finite graphs with vertex sets $V_n$ that locally converge to $T_{d}$. From $\Phi$…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Tim Austin , Moumanti Podder

This work will appear as a chapter in a forthcoming volume titled "Topics in Probabilistic Graph Theory". A theory of scaling limits for random graphs has been developed in recent years. This theory gives access to the large-scale geometric…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-18 Louigi Addario-Berry , Christina Goldschmidt

The inducibility of a graph represents its maximum density as an induced subgraph over all possible sequences of graphs of size growing to infinity. This invariant of graphs has been extensively studied since its introduction in $1975$ by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Daniel Brosch , Diane Puges

We show the existence of Lebesgue-equivalent conservative and ergodic $\sigma$-finite invariant measures for a wide class of one-dimensional random maps consisting of piecewise convex maps. We also estimate the size of invariant measures…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Tomoki Inoue , Hisayoshi Toyokawa