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Quantum machine learning aims to improve learning methods through the use of quantum computers. If it is to ever realize its potential, many obstacles need to be overcome. A particularly pressing one arises at the prediction stage because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Erik Recio-Armengol , Jens Eisert , Johannes Jakob Meyer

The ability to efficiently infer system parameters is essential in any signal-processing task that requires fast operation. Dealing with quantum systems, a serious challenge arises due to substantial growth of the underlying Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Lewis A. Clark , Jan Kolodynski

Quantum parameter estimation with Hermitian systems has been applied in various fields, but there are relatively few results concerning non-Hermitian systems. Here, we study the quantum parameter estimation for general non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Xinglei Yu , Chengjie Zhang

This tutorial introduces a systematic approach for addressing the key question of quantum metrology: For a generic task of sensing an unknown parameter, what is the ultimate precision given a constrained set of admissible strategies. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Qiushi Liu , Zihao Hu , Haidong Yuan , Yuxiang Yang

We investigate strategies for estimating a depolarizing channel for a finite dimensional system. Our analysis addresses the double optimization problem of selecting the best input probe state and the measurement strategy that minimizes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masahide Sasaki , Masashi Ban , Stephen M. Barnett

In this work we provide an efficiency analysis of the problem of comparison of two randomly chosen quantum operations in the single-shot regime. We provide tight bounds for the success probability of such a protocol for arbitrary quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Marcin Markiewicz , Łukasz Pawela , Zbigniew Puchała

We explore the advantages offered by twin light beams produced in parametric down-conversion for precision measurement. The symmetry of these bipartite quantum states, even under losses, suggests that monitoring correlations between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-20 Hugo Cable , Gabriel A. Durkin

In quantum theory, the inescapable interaction between a system and its surroundings would lead to a loss of coherence and leakage of information into the environment. An effective approach to retain the quantum characteristics of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Guohui Dong , Yao Yao

We address parameter estimation for complex/structured systems and suggest an effective estimation scheme based on continuous-variables quantum probes. In particular, we investigate the use of a single bosonic mode as a probe for Ohmic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Matteo Bina , Federico Grasselli , Matteo G. A. Paris

Estimation of physical parameters encoded in a Hamiltonian is a central task in quantum sensing and learning. While the ultimate precision limit for estimating a single parameter coupled to a single generator is well established, the…

We introduce quantum parameter estimation with the encoding being via a quantum measurement. We quantify the precision for estimating parameters characterizing a general two-outcome qubit measurement, considering two cases: when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Shuva Mondal , Priya Ghosh , Ujjwal Sen

An optimal estimator of quantum states based on a modified Kalman Filter is presented in this work. Such estimator acts after state measurement, allowing to obtain an optimal estimation of quantum state resulting in the output of any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-20 Mario Mastriani

We study multi-parameter sensing of 2D and 3D vector fields within the Bayesian framework for $SU(2)$ quantum interferometry. We establish a method to determine the optimal quantum sensor, which establishes the fundamental limit on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Raphael Kaubruegger , Athreya Shankar , Denis V. Vasilyev , Peter Zoller

In this work we introduce a general scheme for measurement based quantum computation in continuous variables. Our approach does not necessarily rely on the use of ancillary cluster states to achieve its aim, but rather on the detection of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Giulia Ferrini , Jonathan Roslund , Francesco Arzani , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps

Quantum channels describe the most general dynamics of open quantum systems. A quantum channel, as a linear map on vectorized quantum states, can be represented by a single matrix, whose spectrum is called the channel spectrum. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Yuan-De Jin , Wen-Long Ma

Classical measurement strategies in many areas are approaching their maximum resolution and sensitivity levels, but these levels often still fall far short of the ultimate limits allowed by the laws of physics. To go further, strategies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 David S. Simon

We consider the estimation of parameters encoded in the measurement record of a continuously monitored quantum system in the jump unraveling, corresponding to a single-shot scenario, where information is continuously gathered. Here, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Marco Radaelli , Joseph A. Smiga , Gabriel T. Landi , Felix C. Binder

Observations or measurements taken of a quantum system (a small number of fundamental particles) are inherently random. If the state of the system depends on unknown parameters, then the distribution of the outcome depends on these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Richard D. Gill

Quantum metrology offers the potential to surpass its classical counterpart, pushing the boundaries of measurement precision toward the ultimate Heisenberg limit. This enhanced precision is normally attained by utilizing large squeezed…

We propose a technique to improve the probability of single-photon emission with an electrically pumped quantum dot in an optical microcavity, by continuously monitoring the energy state of the dot and using feedback to control when to stop…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Anirudh Lanka , Todd Brun