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We establish a new and simple criterion that suffices to generate many spectral gaps for periodic word models. This leads to new examples of ergodic Schr\"odinger operators with Cantor spectra having zero Hausdorff dimension that…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Jake Fillman , Michala N. Gradner , Hannah J. Hendricks

This paper is to investigate the spectral properties of sample covariance matrices under a more general population. We consider a class of matrices of the form $\mathbf S_n=\frac1n\mathbf B_n\mathbf X_n\mathbf X_n^*\mathbf B_n^*$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-11 Yanqing Yin

We show that the spectral radius of an $N\times N$ random symmetric matrix with i.i.d. bounded centered but non-symmetrically distributed entries is bounded from below by $ 2 \*\sigma - o(N^{-6/11+\epsilon}), $ where $\sigma^2 $ is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-05-14 Sandrine Peche , Alexander Soshnikov

The sum-product conjecture of Erd\H os and Szemer\'edi states that, given a finite set $A$ of positive numbers, one can find asymptotic lower bounds for $\max\{|A+A|,|A\cdot A|\}$ of the order of $|A|^{1+\delta}$ for every $\delta <1$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-07 J. A. Dias da Silva , Pedro J. Freitas

A. Iosevich and K. Taylor showed that compact subsets of $\mathbb R^d$ with Hausdorff dimension greater than $(d+1)/2$ contain trees with gaps in an open interval. Under the same dimensional threshold, we prove the analogous result where…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-12-27 Arian Nadjimzadah

It is shown that a random $(0,1)$ matrix whose rows are independent random vectors of exactly $n/2$ zero components is non-singular with probability $1-O(n^{-C})$ for any $C>0$. The proof uses a non-standard inverse-type Littlewood-Offord…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-06 Hoi H. Nguyen

Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ be a strictly convex domain with smooth boundary and diameter $D$. The fundamental gap conjecture claims that if $V:\bar\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ is convex, then the spectral gap of the Schr\"odinger operator…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-12 Fuzhou Gong , Huaiqian Li , Dejun Luo

This is the first of a pair of papers, whose collective goal is to disprove a conjecture of Kemarsky, Paulin, and Shapira (KPS) on the escape of mass of Laurent series. This paper lays the foundations on which its sibling builds. In…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Steven Robertson , Noy Soffer Aranov

We show that the spectral radius of an $N\times N$ random symmetric matrix with i.i.d. bounded centered but non-symmetrically distributed entries is bounded from above by $ 2 \*\sigma + o(N^{-6/11+\epsilon}), $ where $\sigma^2 $ is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sandrine Peche , Alexander Soshnikov

If ${\mathcal C}\simeq 2^{\mathbb N}$ denotes the Cantor set realized as the infinite product of two-point groups, then a folklore result says the Cantor map from ${\mathcal C}$ into $[0,1]$ sends Haar measure to Lebesgue measure on the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-04-02 Will Brian , Michael Mislove

We study pairs of reals that are mutually Martin-L\"{o}f random with respect to a common, not necessarily computable probability measure. We show that a generalized version of van Lambalgen's Theorem holds for non-computable probability…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Adam R. Day , Jan Reimann

Pick a formal system. Any formal system. Whatever your favourite formal system is, as long as it's capable of reasoning about elementary arithmetic. The First Spectral Gap Incompleteness Theorem of [CPGW15] proved that there exist…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Toby S. Cubitt

In this paper, we first present spectral conditions for the existence of $C_{n-1}$ in graphs (2-connected graphs) of order $n$, which are motivated by a conjecture of Erd\H{o}s. Then we prove spectral conditions for the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Jun Ge , Bo Ning

Let A be an n*n random matrix with mean zero and independent inhomogeneous non-constant subgaussian entries. We get that for any k<c\sqrt{n}, the probability of the matrix has a lower rank than n-k that is sub-exponential. Furthermore, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Guozheng Dai , Zeyan Song , Hanchao Wang

Cantor sets in \(\mathbb{R}\) are common examples of sets for which Hausdorff measures can be positive and finite. However, there exist Cantor sets for which no Hausdorff measure is supported and finite. The purpose of this paper is to try…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-05-03 Malin Palö Forsström

Determining the maximal density $m_1(\mathbb{R}^2)$ of planar sets without unit distances is a fundamental problem in combinatorial geometry. This paper investigates lower bounds for this quantity. We introduce a novel approach to…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Alexander Tolmachev

Holroyd, Liggett, and Romik introduced the following probability model. Let $C_1, C_2,...$ be independent events with probabilities $\P_s(C_n)= 1-e^{-ns}$ under a probability measure $\P_s$ with $0<s<1$. Let $A_k$ be the event that there is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-04-24 Daniel M. Kane , Robert C. Rhoades

Original paper: We revisit the probability that any two consecutive events in a Poisson process N on [0,t] are separated by a time interval which is greater than s(<t) (a particular scan statistic probability), and the closely related…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-05 Shai Covo

A well-known conjecture in analytic number theory states that for every pair of sets $X,Y\subset\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$, each of size at least $\log ^C p$ (for some constant $C$) we have that the number of pairs $(x,y)\in X\times Y$ such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-18 Rudi Mrazović

We study properties of Bernoulli convolutions generated by the second Ostrogradsky series, i.e., probability distributions of random variables \begin{equation} \xi = \sum_{k=1}^\infty \frac{(-1)^{k+1}\xi_k}{q_k}, \end{equation} where $q_k$…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Sergio Albeverio , Iryna Pratsiovyta , Mykola Pratsiovytyi , Grygoriy Torbin