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Complex networks with heterogeneous distribution of loads may undergo a global cascade of overload failures when highly loaded nodes or edges are removed due to attacks or failures. Since a small attack or failure has the potential to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Adilson E. Motter

We provide arguments for the property of the degree-degree correlations of giant components formed by the percolation process on uncorrelated random networks. Using the generating functions, we derive a general expression for the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-26 Shogo Mizutaka , Takehisa Hasegawa

Complex networks from such different fields as biology, technology or sociology share similar organization principles. The possibility of a unique growth mechanism promises to uncover universal origins of collective behaviour. In…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-09-29 Chaoming Song , Shlomo Havlin , Hernán A. Makse

The behaviour of complex networks under failure or attack depends strongly on the specific scenario. Of special interest are scale-free networks, which are usually seen as robust under random failure but appear to be especially vulnerable…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-09-25 Bertrand Berche , Christian von Ferber , Taras Holovatch , Yurij Holovatch

A certain complexity threshold is proposed which defines the term `complex network' for RSN, e.g. Kauffman networks with s>=2 - more than two equally probable state variants. Such Kauffman networks are no longer Boolean networks. RSN are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2010-04-23 Andrzej Gecow

The existence or not of a percolation threshold on power law correlated graphs is a fundamental question for which a general criterion is lacking. In this work we investigate the problems of site and bond percolation on graphs with degree…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Alexei Vazquez , Yamir Moreno

The hidden variable formalism (based on the assumption of some intrinsic node parameters) turned out to be a remarkably efficient and powerful approach in describing and analyzing the topology of complex networks. Owing to one of its most…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-13 Sámuel G. Balogh , Péter Pollner , Gergely Palla

Neural Collapse refers to the curious phenomenon in the end of training of a neural network, where feature vectors and classification weights converge to a very simple geometrical arrangement (a simplex). While it has been observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jingtong Su , Ya Shi Zhang , Nikolaos Tsilivis , Julia Kempe

Convergence of resource allocation algorithms is well covered in the literature as convergence to a steady state is important due to stability and performance. However, research is lacking when it comes to the propagation of change that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Brage Ellingsæter , Torleiv Maseng

We analyze the degree distribution's cut-off in finite size scale-free networks. We show that the cut-off behavior with the number of vertices $N$ is ruled by the topological constraints induced by the connectivity structure of the network.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Marian Boguna , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

Large but rare cascades triggered by small initial shocks are present in most of the infrastructure networks. Here we present a simple model for cascading failures based on the dynamical redistribution of the flow on the network. We show…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Paolo Crucitti , Vito Latora , Massimo Marchiori

We propose a combinatorial and graph-theoretic theory of dropout by modeling training as a random walk over a high-dimensional graph of binary subnetworks. Each node represents a masked version of the network, and dropout induces stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sahil Rajesh Dhayalkar

The ever-increasing knowledge of the structure of various real-world networks has uncovered their complex multi-mechanism-governed evolution processes. Therefore, a better understanding of the structure and evolution of these networked…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Ke Deng , Heping Zhao , Dejun Li

The response of complex networks to perturbations is of utmost importance in areas as diverse as ecosystem management, emergency response, and cell reprogramming. A fundamental property of networks is that the perturbation of one node can…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2011-05-20 Sean P. Cornelius , William L. Kath , Adilson E. Motter

Extensive researches have been dedicated to investigating the performance of real networks and synthetic networks against random failures or intentional attack guided by degree (degree attack). Degree is one of straightforward measures to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-09-26 Hui Wang , Jinyuan Huang , Xiaomin Xu , Yanghua Xiao , Wei Wang

We introduce a general framework, applicable to a broad class of random walks on networks, that quantifies the response of the mean first-passage time to a target node to a local perturbation of the network, both in the context of attacks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-03-28 Vincent Tejedor , Olivier Bénichou , Raphael Voituriez , Michel Moreau

During the past two decades, percolation has long served as a basic paradigm for network resilience, community formation and so on in complex systems. While the percolation transition is known as one of the most robust continuous…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-08-03 Deokjae Lee , Y. S. Cho , K. -I. Goh , D. -S. Lee , B. Kahng

In many cases of attacks or failures, memory effects play a significant role. Therefore, we present a model that not only considers the dependencies between nodes but also incorporates the memory effects of attacks. Our research…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-06-21 Yanpeng Zhu , Lei Chen , Fanyuan Meng , Chun-Xiao Jia , Run-Ran Liu

The stationary distribution of a fully chaotic system typically exhibits a fractal structure, which dramatically changes if the dynamical equations are even slightly modified. Perturbative techniques are not expected to work in this…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2017-06-26 Jeffrey M. Heninger , Domenico Lippolis , Predrag Cvitanovic

We show that for any fixed dense graph G and bounded-degree tree T on the same number of vertices, a modest random perturbation of G will typically contain a copy of T . This combines the viewpoints of the well-studied problems of embedding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-30 Michael Krivelevich , Matthew Kwan , Benny Sudakov