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We present a new calibration scheme based on a non-linear version of Kalman filter that aims at estimating the physical terms appearing in the Radio Interferometry Measurement Equation (RIME). We enrich the filter's structure with a tunable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Cyril Tasse

In this paper, we aim to design robust estimation techniques based on the compound-Gaussian (CG) process and adapted for calibration of radio interferometers. The motivation beyond this is due to the presence of outliers leading to an…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-31 Virginie Ollier , Mohammed Nabil El Korso , André Ferrari , Rémy Boyer , Pascal Larzabal

We propose a novel algorithm for image reconstruction in radio interferometry. The ill-posed inverse problem associated with the incomplete Fourier sampling identified by the visibility measurements is regularized by the assumption of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-12 R. E. Carrillo , J. D. McEwen , Y. Wiaux

High fidelity radio interferometric data calibration that minimises spurious spectral structure in the calibrated data is essential in astrophysical applications, such as 21 cm cosmology, which rely on knowledge of the relative spectral…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 Peter H. Sims , Jonathan C. Pober , Jonathan L. Sievers

Calibration of a typical radio interferometric array yields thousands of parameters as solutions. These solutions contain valuable information about the systematic errors in the data (ionosphere and beam shape). This information could be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-31 Sarod Yatawatta

Radio interferometers observe the Fourier space of the sky, at locations determined by the array geometry. Before a real space image is constructed by a Fourier transform, the data is weighted to improve the quality of reconstruction. Two…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Sarod Yatawatta

This manual is intended to help ALMA and other interferometer users improve images by recognising limitations and how to overcome them and deciding when and how to use self-calibration. The images provided by the ALMA Science Archive are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-13 A. M. S. Richards , E. Moravec , S. Etoka , E. B. Fomalont , A. F. Pérez-Sánchez , M. C. Toribio , R. A. Laing

This paper investigates the possibility of improving radio interferometric images using an algorithm inspired by an optical method known as "lucky imaging", which would give more weight to the best-calibrated visibilities used to make a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Etienne Bonnassieux , Cyril Tasse , Oleg Smirnov , Philippe Zarka

Calibration is an essential step in radio interferometric data processing that corrects the data for systematic errors and in addition, subtracts bright foreground interference to reveal weak signals hidden in the residual. These weak and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Sarod Yatawatta

Instruments for radio astronomical observations have come a long way. While the first telescopes were based on very large dishes and 2-antenna interferometers, current instruments consist of dozens of steerable dishes, whereas future…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Stefan J. Wijnholds , Sebastiaan van der Tol , Ronald Nijboer , Alle-Jan van der Veen

Solution intervals are often used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio during radio interferometric gain calibration. This work investigates how factors such as the noise level, intrinsic gain variability, degree of model incompleteness,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-24 Ulrich Armel Mbou Sob , Hertzog Landman Bester , Oleg M. Smirnov , Jonathan Kenyon , Cyndie Russeeawon

Interferometers require accurate determination of the array configuration in order to produce reliable observations. A method is presented for finding the maximum-likelihood estimate of the telescope geometry, and of other instrumental…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Klaus Maisinger , M. P. Hobson , Richard D. E. Saunders , Keith J. B. Grainge

Growing interest in 21 cm tomography has led to the design and construction of broadband radio interferometers with low noise, moderate angular resolution, high spectral resolution, and wide fields of view. With characteristics somewhat…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-25 Adrian Liu , Max Tegmark , Scott Morrison , Andrew Lutomirski , Matias Zaldarriaga

A major stage of radio interferometric data processing is calibration or the estimation of systematic errors in the data and the correction for such errors. A stochastic error (noise) model is assumed, and in most cases, this underlying…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Kazemi , S. Yatawatta

The development of sensitive large format imaging arrays for the infrared promises to provide revolutionary capabilities for space astronomy. For example, the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on SIRTF will use four 256 x 256 arrays to provide…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 D. J. Fixsen , S. H. Moseley , R. G. Arendt

Since its formulation by Hamaker et al., the radio interferometer measurement equation (RIME) has provided a rigorous mathematical basis for the development of novel calibration methods and techniques, including various approaches to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-07 Oleg M. Smirnov

The design of an interferometric array should allow optimal instrumental response regarding all possible source positions, times of integration and scientific goals. It should also take into account constraints such as forbidden regions on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 F. Boone

The spatial-frequency coverage of a radio interferometer is increased by combining samples acquired at different times and observing frequencies. However, astrophysical sources often contain complicated spatial structure that varies within…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 U. Rau

Radio interferometric gain calibration can be biased by incomplete sky models and radio frequency interference, resulting in calibration artefacts that can restrict the dynamic range of the resulting images. It has been suggested that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-21 Ulrich Armel Mbou Sob , Hertzog Landman Bester , Oleg Smirnov , Jonathan Kenyon , Trienko Grobler

This decade, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will perform its first observations. Preparations for building dishes, antennas, correlators and infrastructure are well underway. Concurrently, software for the processing of SKA observations…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-02 H. Spreeuw , S. Yatawatta , B. Van Werkhoven , F. Diblen