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Interactions in atomic and molecular systems are dominated by electromagnetic forces and the theoretical framework must be in the quantum regime. The physical theory for the combination of quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, quantum…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Edit Mátyus , Dávid Ferenc , Péter Jeszenszki , Ádám Margócsy

The spinless Salpeter equation may be considered either as a standard approximation to the Bethe--Salpeter formalism, designed for the description of bound states within a relativistic quantum field theory, or as the most simple, to a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Wolfgang Lucha , Franz F. Schöberl

Five different versions of the three-dimensional (3D) reduction of the Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation in the instantaneous approximation for kernel of BS equation for the two-fermion systems are formulated. The normalization condition for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Kopaleishvili

We compute the bound state properties of three-dimensional scalar $\phi^4$ theory in the broken phase. To this end, we extend the recently developed technique of spectral Dyson-Schwinger equations to solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-10-26 Gernot Eichmann , Andrés Gómez , Jan Horak , Jan M. Pawlowski , Jonas Wessely , Nicolas Wink

This talk reviews several aspects of the "semirelativistic" description of bound states by the spinless Salpeter equation (which represents the simplest equation of motion incorporating relativistic effects) and, in particular, presents or…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-15 Wolfgang Lucha , F. F. Schoberl

A novel method for constructing a Bethe-Salpeter kernel for the meson bound-state problem is described. It produces a closed-form kernel that is symmetry-consistent (discrete and continuous) with the gap equation defined by any admissible…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-11 Si-Xue Qin , Craig D. Roberts

The bound states of two particles are studied in frames of non-relativistic quantum field model with current $\times$ current type interaction by analyzing the Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes. The Bethe-Salpeter equations are obtained in closed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. V. Sinitskaya , E. V. Pavlova

We investigate the Lorentz structure of the confinement potential through a study of the meson spectrum using Salpeter's instantaneous approximation to the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The equivalence between Salpeter's and a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Parramore , J. Piekarewicz

There is a need for covariant solutions of bound state equations in order to construct realistic QCD based models of mesons and baryons. Furthermore, we ideally need to know the structure of these bound states in all kinematical regimes,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. G. Williams , K. Kusaka , K. M. Simpson

The reduced Bethe-Salpeter equation with scalar confinement and vector gluon exchange is applied to quark-antiquark bound states. The so called intrinsic flaw of Salpeter equation with static scalar confinement is investigated. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Cong-feng Qiao , Han-Wen Huang , Kuang-Ta Chao

Focusing on the continuum meson bound-state problem, a novel method is used to calculate closed-form Bethe-Salpeter kernels that are symmetry consistent with any reasonable gluon-quark vertex, $\Gamma_\nu$, and therewith deliver a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-03-22 Zhen-Ni Xu , Zhao-Qian Yao , Si-Xue Qin , Zhu-Fang Cui , Craig D. Roberts

Flavored mesons containing quarks of unequal masses are studied. The appropriate tool is the Bethe-Salpeter formalism, but its inherent complexity leads to series of difficulties mostly related to the central role played in it by the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-26 Mikhail N. Sergeenko

The instantaneous formulations for the relativistic Bethe-Salpeter (BS) and the radiative transitions between the bound-states are achieved if the BS kernel is instantaneous. It is shown that the original Salpeter instantaneous equation set…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Chao-Hsi Chang , Jiao-Kai Chen , Guo-Li Wang

The Bethe-Salpeter equation is a non-perturbative, relativistic and covariant description of two-body bound states. We derive the classical Bethe-Salpeter equation for two massive point particles (with or without spin) in a bound…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-23 Tim Adamo , Riccardo Gonzo

The Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation in the ladder approximation is studied within a scalar theory: two scalar fields (constituents) with mass $m$ interacting via an exchange of a scalar field (tieon) with mass $\mu$. The BS equation is written…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 G. V. Efimov

Consequent application of the instantaneous approximation to both the interaction and all propagators of the bound-state constituents allows us to forge, within the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter formalism for the description of bound…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Lucha , F. F. Schoberl

Recently, an instantaneous approximation to the Bethe-Salpeter formalism for the analysis of bound states in quantum field theory has been proposed which retains, in contrast to the Salpeter equation, as far as possible the exact…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Z. -F. Li , Wolfgang Lucha , F. F. Schoberl

A three-dimensional reduction of the two-particle Bethe-Salpeter equation is proposed. The proposed reduction is in the framework of light-front dynamics. It yields auxiliary quantities for the transition matrix and the bound state. The…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 J. H. O. Sales , T. Frederico , B. V. Carlson , P. U. Sauer

The two-fermion bound system is an attractive subject of atomic and sub-atomic physics. Despite these systems are rather simple the study of two-particle bound states is challenging and still remains a source of progress in quantum theory.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 S. M. Dorkin , S. S. Semikh , M. Beyer , L. P. Kaptari

We present a systematic algebraic and numerical investigation of the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation. Emphasis is placed on confining interaction kernels of the Lorentz scalar, time component vector, and full vector types. We explore…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 M. G. Olsson , S. Veseli , K. Williams