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The Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is a dedicated photometric surveying facility being built jointly by the University of Science and Technology of China and the Purple Mountain Observatory. It is equipped with a 2.5-meter diameter…

We report measurements from which we determine the spatial structure of the lunar contribution to night sky brightness, taken at the LSST site on Cerro Pachon in Chile. We use an array of six photodiodes with filters that approximate the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-13 Michael Coughlin , Christopher Stubbs , Chuck Claver

Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST), which will begin its scientific operations around 2027, is going to survey the sky area of the median-to-high Galactic latitude and median-to-high ecliptic latitude. The high astrometric precision of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-30 Yifan Xuan , Fabo Feng , Zhensen Fu , Shilong Liao , Zhaoxiang Qi , Yang Chen

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-05 The Simons Observatory Collaboration , Peter Ade , James Aguirre , Zeeshan Ahmed , Simone Aiola , Aamir Ali , David Alonso , Marcelo A. Alvarez , Kam Arnold , Peter Ashton , Jason Austermann , Humna Awan , Carlo Baccigalupi , Taylor Baildon , Darcy Barron , Nick Battaglia , Richard Battye , Eric Baxter , Andrew Bazarko , James A. Beall , Rachel Bean , Dominic Beck , Shawn Beckman , Benjamin Beringue , Federico Bianchini , Steven Boada , David Boettger , J. Richard Bond , Julian Borrill , Michael L. Brown , Sarah Marie Bruno , Sean Bryan , Erminia Calabrese , Victoria Calafut , Paolo Calisse , Julien Carron , Anthony Challinor , Grace Chesmore , Yuji Chinone , Jens Chluba , Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho , Steve Choi , Gabriele Coppi , Nicholas F. Cothard , Kevin Coughlin , Devin Crichton , Kevin D. Crowley , Kevin T. Crowley , Ari Cukierman , John M. D'Ewart , Rolando Dünner , Tijmen de Haan , Mark Devlin , Simon Dicker , Joy Didier , Matt Dobbs , Bradley Dober , Cody J. Duell , Shannon Duff , Adri Duivenvoorden , Jo Dunkley , John Dusatko , Josquin Errard , Giulio Fabbian , Stephen Feeney , Simone Ferraro , Pedro Fluxà , Katherine Freese , Josef C. Frisch , Andrei Frolov , George Fuller , Brittany Fuzia , Nicholas Galitzki , Patricio A. Gallardo , Jose Tomas Galvez Ghersi , Jiansong Gao , Eric Gawiser , Martina Gerbino , Vera Gluscevic , Neil Goeckner-Wald , Joseph Golec , Sam Gordon , Megan Gralla , Daniel Green , Arpi Grigorian , John Groh , Chris Groppi , Yilun Guan , Jon E. Gudmundsson , Dongwon Han , Peter Hargrave , Masaya Hasegawa , Matthew Hasselfield , Makoto Hattori , Victor Haynes , Masashi Hazumi , Yizhou He , Erin Healy , Shawn W. Henderson , Carlos Hervias-Caimapo , Charles A. Hill , J. Colin Hill , Gene Hilton , Matt Hilton , Adam D. Hincks , Gary Hinshaw , Renée Hložek , Shirley Ho , Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho , Logan Howe , Zhiqi Huang , Johannes Hubmayr , Kevin Huffenberger , John P. Hughes , Anna Ijjas , Margaret Ikape , Kent Irwin , Andrew H. Jaffe , Bhuvnesh Jain , Oliver Jeong , Daisuke Kaneko , Ethan D. Karpel , Nobuhiko Katayama , Brian Keating , Sarah S. Kernasovskiy , Reijo Keskitalo , Theodore Kisner , Kenji Kiuchi , Jeff Klein , Kenda Knowles , Brian Koopman , Arthur Kosowsky , Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff , Stephen E. Kuenstner , Chao-Lin Kuo , Akito Kusaka , Jacob Lashner , Adrian Lee , Eunseong Lee , David Leon , Jason S. -Y. Leung , Antony Lewis , Yaqiong Li , Zack Li , Michele Limon , Eric Linder , Carlos Lopez-Caraballo , Thibaut Louis , Lindsay Lowry , Marius Lungu , Mathew Madhavacheril , Daisy Mak , Felipe Maldonado , Hamdi Mani , Ben Mates , Frederick Matsuda , Loïc Maurin , Phil Mauskopf , Andrew May , Nialh McCallum , Chris McKenney , Jeff McMahon , P. Daniel Meerburg , Joel Meyers , Amber Miller , Mark Mirmelstein , Kavilan Moodley , Moritz Munchmeyer , Charles Munson , Sigurd Naess , Federico Nati , Martin Navaroli , Laura Newburgh , Ho Nam Nguyen , Michael Niemack , Haruki Nishino , John Orlowski-Scherer , Lyman Page , Bruce Partridge , Julien Peloton , Francesca Perrotta , Lucio Piccirillo , Giampaolo Pisano , Davide Poletti , Roberto Puddu , Giuseppe Puglisi , Chris Raum , Christian L. Reichardt , Mathieu Remazeilles , Yoel Rephaeli , Dominik Riechers , Felipe Rojas , Anirban Roy , Sharon Sadeh , Yuki Sakurai , Maria Salatino , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Emmanuel Schaan , Marcel Schmittfull , Neelima Sehgal , Joseph Seibert , Uros Seljak , Blake Sherwin , Meir Shimon , Carlos Sierra , Jonathan Sievers , Precious Sikhosana , Maximiliano Silva-Feaver , Sara M. Simon , Adrian Sinclair , Praween Siritanasak , Kendrick Smith , Stephen R. Smith , David Spergel , Suzanne T. Staggs , George Stein , Jason R. Stevens , Radek Stompor , Aritoki Suzuki , Osamu Tajima , Satoru Takakura , Grant Teply , Daniel B. Thomas , Ben Thorne , Robert Thornton , Hy Trac , Calvin Tsai , Carole Tucker , Joel Ullom , Sunny Vagnozzi , Alexander van Engelen , Jeff Van Lanen , Daniel D. Van Winkle , Eve M. Vavagiakis , Clara Vergès , Michael Vissers , Kasey Wagoner , Samantha Walker , Jon Ward , Ben Westbrook , Nathan Whitehorn , Jason Williams , Joel Williams , Edward J. Wollack , Zhilei Xu , Byeonghee Yu , Cyndia Yu , Fernando Zago , Hezi Zhang , Ningfeng Zhu

The Photometric LSST Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC) is an open data challenge to classify simulated astronomical time-series data in preparation for observations from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST),…

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a wide-field imaging system of unprecedented etendue. The initial goal of the project is to carry out a ten year imaging survey in six broad passbands (ugrizy) that cover $350 nm < \lambda < 1.1…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-14 Christopher W. Stubbs , Katrin Heitmann

We report on a plan to construct a 50-m-class single-dish telescope, the Large Submillimeter Telescope (LST). The conceptual design and key science behind the LST are presented, together with its tentative specifications. This telescope is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Ryohei Kawabe , Kotaro Kohno , Yoichi Tamura , Tatsuya Takekoshi , Tai Oshima , Shun Ishii , LST working group

Traditional photometric redshift methods use only color information about the objects in question to estimate their redshifts. This paper introduces a new method utilizing colors, luminosity, surface brightness, and radial light profile to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 James J. Wray , James E. Gunn

The MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) is a 6.5-meter telescope under development. Dedicated to highly-multiplexed, wide-field spectroscopic surveys, MUST observes over 20,000 targets simultaneously using 6.2-mm pitch positioning robots…

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is an array of polarization-sensitive millimeter wave telescopes that observes ~70% of the sky at frequency bands centered near 40GHz, 90GHz, 150GHz, and 220GHz from the Atacama desert of…

The complete 10-year survey from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will image $\sim$ 20,000 square degrees of sky in six filter bands every few nights, bringing the final survey depth to $r\sim27.5$, with over 4 billion well…

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) will carry out a digital photometric and spectroscopic survey over pi steradians in the northern Galactic cap. An array of CCD detectors used in drift-scan mode will image the sky in five passbands to a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jon Loveday , Jeff Pier

LSST will open new vistas for cosmology in the next decade, but it cannot reach its full potential without data from other telescopes. Cosmological constraints can be greatly enhanced using wide-field ($>20$ deg$^2$ total survey area),…

The Chinese Space Station Optical Survey (CSS-OS) is a mission to explore the vast universe. This mission will equip a 2-meter space telescope to perform a multi-band NUV-optical large area survey (over 40% of the sky) and deep survey (~1%…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-11 Xin Zhang , Li Cao , Xianmin Meng

The upcoming imaging survey of the Chinese Space-station Survey Telescope (CSST) will deliver high-resolution imaging of an unprecedented number of galaxies for galaxy studies. To understand CSST's capability, and to support the preparation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-28 Ziqi Ma , Si-Yue Yu , Taotao Fang , Jinyi Shangguan , Zhao-Yu Li , Luis C. Ho

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is making a multi-colour, three dimensional map of the nearby Universe. The survey is in two parts. The first part is imaging one quarter of the sky in five colours from the near ultraviolet to the near…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Jon Loveday

The Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST) is an upcoming Stage-IV sky survey telescope, distinguished by its large field of view (FoV), high image quality, and multi-band observation capabilities. It can simultaneously conduct…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 CSST Collaboration , Yan Gong , Haitao Miao , Hu Zhan , Zhao-Yu Li , Jinyi Shangguan , Haining Li , Chao Liu , Xuefei Chen , Haibo Yuan , Jilin Zhou , Hui-Gen Liu , Cong Yu , Jianghui Ji , Zhaoxiang Qi , Jiacheng Liu , Zigao Dai , Xiaofeng Wang , Zhenya Zheng , Lei Hao , Jiangpei Dou , Yiping Ao , Zhenhui Lin , Kun Zhang , Wei Wang , Guotong Sun , Ran Li , Guoliang Li , Youhua Xu , Xinfeng Li , Shengyang Li , Peng Wu , Jiuxing Zhang , Bo Wang , Jinming Bai , Yi-Fu Cai , Zheng Cai , Jie Cao , Kwan Chuen Chan , Jin Chang , Xiaodian Chen , Xuelei Chen , Yuqin Chen , Yun Chen , Wei Cui , Subo Dong , Pu Du , Wenying Duan , Junhui Fan , LuLu Fan , Zhou Fan , Zuhui Fan , Taotao Fang , Jianning Fu , Liping Fu , Zhensen Fu , Jian Gao , Shenghong Gu , Yidong Gu , Qi Guo , Zhanwen Han , Bin Hu , Zhiqi Huang , Luis C. Ho , Linhua Jiang , Ning Jiang , Yipeng Jing , Xi Kang , Xu Kong , Cheng Li , Chengyuan Li , Di Li , Jing Li , Nan Li , Yang A. Li , Shilong Liao , Weipeng Lin , Fengshan Liu , Jifeng Liu , Xiangkun Liu , Zhuokai Liu , Ruiqing Mao , Shude Mao , Xianmin Meng , Xiaoying Pang , Xiyan Peng , Yingjie Peng , Huanyuan Shan , Juntai Shen , Shiyin Shen , Zhiqiang Shen , Sheng-Cai Shi , Yong Shi , Siyuan Tan , Hao Tian , Jianmin Wang , Jun-Xian Wang , Xin Wang , Yuting Wang , Hong Wu , Jingwen Wu , Xuebing Wu , Chun Xu , Xiang-Xiang Xue , Yongquan Xue , Ji Yang , Xiaohu Yang , Qijun Yao , Fangting Yuan , Zhen Yuan , Jun Zhang , Pengjie Zhang , Tianmeng Zhang , Wei Zhang , Xin Zhang , Gang Zhao , Gongbo Zhao , Hongen Zhong , Jing Zhong , Liyong Zhou , Wei Zhu , Ying Zu

The Blanco Cosmology Survey (BCS) is a 60 night imaging survey of $\sim$80 deg$^2$ of the southern sky located in two fields: ($\alpha$,$\delta$)= (5 hr, $-55^{\circ}$) and (23 hr, $-55^{\circ}$). The survey was carried out between 2005 and…

Bright gravitationally lensed galaxies provide our most detailed view of galaxies at high redshift. Yet as a result of the small number of ultra-bright z~2 lensed systems with confirmed redshifts, most detailed spectroscopic studies have…