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We give a computational complexity argument against the feasibility of quantum computers. We identify a very low complexity class of probability distributions described by noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers, and explain why it will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-13 Gil Kalai

Mitigating noise-induced decoherence is the central challenge in controlling open quantum systems. While existing robust protocols often require precise noise models, we introduce a universal framework for noise-agnostic quantum control…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Lixiang Ding , Jingtao Fan , Xingze Qiu

In order to realize fault-tolerant quantum computation, tight evaluation of error threshold under practical noise models is essential. While non-Clifford noise is ubiquitous in experiments, the error threshold under non-Clifford noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Yasunari Suzuki , Keisuke Fujii , Masato Koashi

Controlling quantum systems under correlated non-Markovian noise, particularly when strongly coupled, poses significant challenges in the development of quantum technologies. Traditional quantum control strategies, heavily reliant on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Arinta Auza , Akram Youssry , Gerardo Paz-Silva , Alberto Peruzzo

Quantum computing with qudits is an emerging approach that exploits a larger, more-connected computational space, providing advantages for many applications, including quantum simulation and quantum error correction. Nonetheless, qudits are…

Precise qubit control in the presence of spatio-temporally correlated noise is pivotal for transitioning to fault-tolerant quantum computing. Generically, such noise can also have non-Gaussian statistics, which hampers existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Wenzheng Dong , Yuanlong Wang , Muhammad Qasim Khan

Major obstacles remain to the implementation of macroscopic quantum computing: hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling; software problems of error correction; and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-17 Nathan Thompson , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

Instead of a quantum computer where the fundamental units are 2-dimensional qubits, we can consider a quantum computer made up of d-dimensional systems. There is a straightforward generalization of the class of stabilizer codes to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-27 Daniel Gottesman

Benchmarking is how the performance of a computing system is determined. Surprisingly, even for classical computers this is not a straightforward process. One must choose the appropriate benchmark and metrics to extract meaningful results.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-07 Salonik Resch , Ulya R. Karpuzcu

The discovery of quantum error correction has greatly improved the long-term prospects for quantum computing technology. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 John Preskill

Current quantum technologies are at the cusp of becoming useful, but still face formidable obstacles such as noise. Noise severely limits the ability to scale quantum devices to the point that they would offer an advantage over classical…

We investigate the problem of quantum searching on a noisy quantum computer. Taking a 'fault-ignorant' approach, we analyze quantum algorithms that solve the task for various different noise strengths, which are possibly unknown beforehand.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-28 Peter Vrana , David Reeb , Daniel Reitzner , Michael M. Wolf

Present-day quantum computers suffer from various noises or errors such as gate error, relaxation, dephasing, readout error, and crosstalk. Besides, they offer a limited number of qubits with restrictive connectivity. Therefore, quantum…

We investigate how to concatenate different decoherence-free subspaces (DFSs) to realize scalable universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. Based on tunable $XXZ$ interactions, we present an architecture for scalable quantum computers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Zheng-Wei Zhou , Bo Yu , Xingxiang Zhou , Marc J. Feldman , Guang-Can Guo

Tremendous efforts have been paid for realization of fault-tolerant quantum computation so far. However, preexisting fault-tolerant schemes assume that a lot of qubits live together in a single quantum system, which is incompatible with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-01 Keisuke Fujii , Takashi Yamamoto , Masato Koashi , Nobuyuki Imoto

Designing efficient fault tolerance schemes is crucial for building useful quantum computers. Most standard schemes assume no knowledge of the underlying device noise and rely on general-purpose quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes capable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Long D. H. My , Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam , Hui Khoon Ng

Quantum states are very delicate, so it is likely some sort of quantum error correction will be necessary to build reliable quantum computers. The theory of quantum error-correcting codes has some close ties to and some striking differences…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-17 Daniel Gottesman

To implement fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) with continuous variables, continuous variables need to be digitized using an appropriate code such as the Gottesman--Kitaev--Preskill (GKP) qubit. The scheme introduced in [K. Fukui…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 Kosuke Fukui

Extracting useful information from noisy near-term quantum simulations requires error mitigation strategies. A broad class of these strategies rely on precise characterization of the noise source. We study the robustness of probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Pradeep Niroula , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Michael J. Gullans

We investigate the coherence and non-Markovianity of a quantum tunneling system whose barrier is fluctuated by a telegraph noise, and its energy gap is modulated by Gaussian noise. With the help of averaging method, the system dynamics are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Nisreen Mohammed Mahdi , Arzu Kurt , Ferdi Altintas