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Gravitational-wave astronomy provides a promising avenue for the discovery of new physics beyond general relativity as it probes extreme curvature and ultra-relativistic dynamics. However, in the absence of a compelling alternative to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-11 Lachlan Passenger , Shun Yin Cheung , Nir Guttman , Nikhil Kannachel , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

We derive a lower bound on the sensitivity of generic mechanical and electromagnetic gravitational wave detectors. We consider both classical and quantum detection schemes, although we focus on the former. Our results allow for a simple…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-17 Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo , Sebastian A. R. Ellis

The response of a gravitational-wave (GW) interferometer is spatially modulated and is described by two antenna patterns, one for each polarization state of the waves. The antenna patterns are derived from the shape and size of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-21 Andrea Virtuoso , Edoardo Milotti

Gravitational-wave backgrounds are expected to arise from the superposition of gravitational wave signals from a large number of unresolved sources and also from the stochastic processes that occurred in the Early universe. So far, we have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-17 Junaid Yousuf , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Manzoor A Malik

In a recent paper, Wicht, L\"ammerzahl, Lorek, and Dittus [Phys. Rev. {\bf A 78}, 013610 (2008)] come to the conclusion that a molecular rotational-vibrational quantum interferometer may possess the sensitivity necessary to detect…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 I. B. Khriplovich , S. K. Lamoreaux , A. O. Sushkov , O. P. Sushkov

In this paper, we review the theoretical basis for generation of gravitational waves and the detection techniques used to detect a gravitational wave. To materialize this goal in a thorough way we first start with a mathematical background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-01 Saibal Ray , R. Bhattacharya , Sanjay K. Sahay , Abdul Aziz , Amit Das

Michelson-type laser-interferometric gravitational-wave (GW) observatories employ very high light powers as well as transmissively- coupled Fabry-Perot arm resonators in order to realize high measurement sensitivities. Due to the absorption…

In this paper we discuss the energy interaction between gravitational waves and laser interferom- eter gravitational wave detectors. We show that the widely held view that the laser interferometer gravitational wave detector absorbs no…

Optics · Physics 2016-10-05 Yiqiu Ma , David G Blair , Chunnong Zhao , William Kells

Gravitational wave (GW) observations are expected to serve as a powerful and independent probe of the expansion history of the universe. By providing direct and calibration-free measurements of luminosity distances through waveform…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Shang-Jie Jin , Ji-Yu Song , Tian-Yang Sun , Si-Ren Xiao , He Wang , Ling-Feng Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

In the centenary year of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, this paper reviews the current status of gravitational wave astronomy across a spectrum which stretches from attohertz to kilohertz frequencies. Sect. 1 of this paper reviews…

Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity [Einstein, A., Annalen der Physik 49, 769-822 (1916)] and are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration

We introduce a new class of $(\alpha,\beta)$-type exact solutions in Finsler gravity closely related to the well-known pp-waves in general relativity. Our class contains most of the exact solutions currently known in the literature as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-08 Sjors Heefer , Andrea Fuster

Filters developed in order to detect short bursts of gravitational waves in interferometric detector outputs are compared according to three main points. Conventional Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) are first built for all the…

This chapter introduces the fundamental principles of gravitational wave detectors in a simple and comprehensive manner. Because these instruments aim for extremely high sensitivity, it is essential to understand their various noise…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-29 Marina Trad-Nery , Margherita Turconi , Walid Chaibi

Searches for gravitational wave signals which do not have a precise model describing the shape of their waveforms are often performed using power detectors based on a quadratic form of the data. A new, optimal method of generalizing these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Julien Sylvestre

Since the very beginning of astronomy the location of objects on the sky has been a fundamental observational quantity that has been taken for granted. While precise two dimensional positional information is easy to obtain for observations…

We show that a recent claim that matter wave interferometers have a much higher sensitivity than laser interferometers for a comparable physical setup is unfounded. We point out where the mistake in the earlier analysis is made. We also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Albert Roura , Dieter R. Brill , B. L. Hu , Charles W. Misner , William D. Phillips

Gravitational-wave observatories around the world are searching for continuous waves: persistent signals from sources such as spinning neutron stars. These searches use sophisticated statistical techniques to look for weak signals in noisy…

The standard siren approach of gravitational wave cosmology appeals to the direct luminosity distance estimation through the waveform signals from inspiralling double compact binaries, especially those with electromagnetic counterparts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-30 Kai Liao , Xi-Long Fan , Xu-Heng Ding , Marek Biesiada , Zong-Hong Zhu

We introduce a Bayesian null-stream method to constrain calibration errors in closed-geometry gravitational-wave (GW) detector networks. Unlike prior methods requiring electromagnetic counterparts or waveform models, this method uses…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Isaac C. F. Wong , Francesco Cireddu , Milan Wils , Tom Colemont , Harsh Narola , Chris Van Den Broeck , Tjonnie G. F. Li
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