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We report the discovery of variable $\gamma$-rays up to petaelectronvolt from Cygnus X-3, an iconic X-ray binary. The $\gamma$-ray signal was detected with a statistical significance of approximately 10 $\sigma$ by the Large High Altitude…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 The LHAASO Collaboration , Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , J. Blunier , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , Y. Y. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. K. Chen , L. F. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , X. P. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Q. Y. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , A. J. Dong , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , K. J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , R. P. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernández-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , X. L. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , A. Inventar , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , I. O. Maliy , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , Y. Mizuno , G. B. Mou , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , Z. W. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , D. Y. Peng , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , D. Qu , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , D. Savchenko , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , J. X. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , D. H. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. F. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , H. D. Xing , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , B. N. Xu , C. Y. Xu , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , S. S. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , S. Y. Zhang , W. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , T. C. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo , J. S. Wang

The discovery of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitting X-ray binaries has triggered an intense effort to better understand the particle acceleration, absorption, and emission mechanisms in compact binary systems, which provide variable…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-12-04 The MAGIC Collaboration , H. Anderhub , L. A. Antonelli , P. Antoranz , M. Backes , C. Baixeras , S. Balestra , J. A. Barrio , D. Bastieri , J. Becerra González , J. K. Becker , W. Bednarek , K. Berger , E. Bernardini , A. Biland , O. Blanch Bigas , R. K. Bock , G. Bonnoli , P. Bordas , D. Borla Tridon , V. Bosch-Ramon , D. Bose , I. Braun , T. Bretz , D. Britzger , M. Camara , E. Carmona , A. Carosi , P. Colin , S. Commichau , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , M. T. Costado , S. Covino , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , E. de Cea del Pozo , R. De los Reyes , B. De Lotto , M. De Maria , F. De Sabata , C. Delgado Mendez , A. Domínguez , D. Dominis Prester , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , M. Errando , D. Ferenc , E. Fernández , R. Firpo , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , N. Galante , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , M. Gaug , N. Godinovic , F. Goebel , D. Hadasch , A. Herrero , D. Hildebrand , D. Höhne-Mönch , J. Hose , D. Hrupec , C. C. Hsu , T. Jogler , S. Klepser , D. Kranich , A. La Barbera , A. Laille , E. Leonardo , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López , E. Lorenz , P. Majumdar , G. Maneva , N. Mankuzhiyil , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , D. Mazin , M. Meucci , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , H. Miyamoto , J. Moldón , M. Moles , A. Moralejo , D. Nieto , K. Nilsson , J. Ninkovic , R. Orito , I. Oya , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Pasanen , D. Pascoli , F. Pauss , R. G. Pegna , M. A. Perez-Torres , M. Persic , L. Peruzzo , F. Prada , E. Prandini , N. Puchades , I. Puljak , I. Reichardt , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , M. Rissi , A. Robert , S. Rügamer , A. Saggion , T. Y. Saito , M. Salvati , M. Sánchez-Conde , K. Satalecka , V. Scalzotto , V. Scapin , T. Schweizer , M. Shayduk , S. N. Shore , N. Sidro , A. Sierpowska-Bartosik , A. Sillanpää , J. Sitarek , D. Sobczynska , F. Spanier , S. Spiro , A. Stamerra , L. S. Stark , T. Suric , L. Takalo , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , D. Tescaro , M. Teshima , D. F. Torres , N. Turini , H. Vankov , R. M. Wagner , V. Zabalza , F. Zandanel , R. Zanin , J. Zapatero , A. Falcone , L. Vetere , N. Gehrels , S. Trushkin , V. Dhawan , P. Reig

The observational progress in the $\gamma$-ray astronomy in the last few years has led to the discovery of more than a thousand sources at GeV energies and more than a hundred sources at TeV energies. A few different classes of compact…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-06-21 W. Bednarek

A timing analysis of VHE gamma-ray observations of Cen X-3 taken with the University of Durham Mark 6 telescope was performed, using both Rayleigh and Bayesian statistics. Data from only 1 observation produced evidence for periodicity, in a…

Globular clusters (GCs) with their ages of the order of several billion years contain many final products of evolution of stars such as: neutron stars, white dwarfs and probably also black holes. These compact objects can be at present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 W. Bednarek

The recent results from ground based $\gamma$-ray detectors (HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS) provide a population of TeV galactic $\gamma$-ray sources which are potential sources of High Energy (HE) neutrinos. Since the $\gamma$-rays and $\nu$ -s are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-20 N. Sahakyan

Gamma-rays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive X-ray binaries known as "microquasars". The relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the compact…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-08-14 G. E. Romero , S. P. Owocki , A. T. Araudo , R. Townsend , P. Benaglia

Gamma-ray binaries are orbital modulated gamma-ray sources in the Galaxy detected both at GeV and TeV energies. The high-energy radiation may come from the interaction of energetic electrons injected by a young pulsar and photons from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-12-21 B. Cerutti , G. Dubus , G. Henri

Very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays have been detected from the direction of the Galactic center. The H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescopes have located this gamma-ray source with a preliminary position uncertainty of 8.5" per axis (6" statistic + 6"…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-12-13 Attila Abramowski , Dieter Horns , Stefan Gillessen , Joachim Ripken , Christopher van Eldik

Recent observations have shown that some compact stellar binaries radiate the highest energy light in the universe. The challenge has been to determine the nature of the compact object and whether the very high energy gamma-rays are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 I. F. Mirabel

We apply the IC e$^\pm$ pair cascade model in order to investigate the possible $\gamma$-ray emission features from another compact massive binary of the microquasar type, Cyg X-1. We conclude that the observational constraints at lower…

Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-21 W. Bednarek , F. Giovannelli

Microquasars, X-ray binary systems that generate relativistic jets, were discovered in our Galaxy in the last decade of the XXth century. Their name indicates that they are manifestations of the same physics as quasars but on a completely…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. M. Kaufman Bernado

Galactic transients, X-ray and gamma-ray binaries provide a proper environment for particle acceleration. This leads to the production of gamma rays with energies reaching the GeV-TeV regime. MAGIC has carried out deep observations of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 A. Fernández-Barral , O. Blanch , E. de Oña Wilhelmi , D. F. Torres , C. Fruck , D. Hadasch , A. López-Oramas , P. Munar-Adrover , R. Zanin

Because of their inherently high flux allowing the detection of clear signals, black hole X-ray binaries are interesting candidates for polarization studies, even if no polarization signals have been observed from them before. Such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 P. Laurent , J. Rodriguez , J. Wilms , M. Cadolle Bel , K. Pottschmidt , V. Grinberg

Gamma-ray binaries (GBs) have been object of intense studies in the last decade. From an observational perspective, GBs are phenomenologically similar to most X-ray binary systems in terms of their broad-band emission across the entire…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-14 Josep M. Paredes , Pol Bordas

The compact X-ray binary system Cyg X-3 has been recently discovered as a source of GeV gamma-rays by the AGILE and the {\it Fermi} satellites. It shows emission features in the GeV gamma-rays similar to other gamma-ray binaries which were…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 W. Bednarek

The microquasar Cygnus X-3 was detected at high energies by the gamma-ray space telescopes AGILE and Fermi. The gamma-ray emission is transient, modulated with the orbital period and seems related to major radio flares, i.e. to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 Benoit Cerutti , Guillaume Dubus , Julien Malzac , Anna Szostek , Renaud Belmont , Andrzej Zdziarski , Gilles Henri

Cygnus X-3 is a microquasar consisting of an accreting compact object orbiting around a Wolf-Rayet star. It has been detected at radio frequencies and up to high-energy gamma rays (above 100 MeV). However, many models also predict a very…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-21 J. Aleksić , L. A. Antonelli , P. Antoranz , M. Backes , C. Baixeras , J. A. Barrio , D. Bastieri , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , A. Berdyugin , K. Berger , E. Bernardini , A. Biland , O. Blanch , R. K. Bock , A. Boller , G. Bonnoli , P. Bordas , D. Borla Tridon , V. Bosch-Ramon , D. Bose , I. Braun , T. Bretz , D. Britzger , M. Camara , E. Carmona , A. Carosi , P. Colin , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , M. T. Costado , S. Covino , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , E. De Cea del Pozo , B. De Lotto , M. De Maria , F. De Sabata , C. Delgado Mendez , M. Doert , A. Domínguez , D. Dominis Prester , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , M. Errando , D. Ferenc , M. V. Fonseca , L. Font , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , M. Gaug , N. Godinovic , F. Göebel , D. Hadasch , A. Herrero , D. Hildebrand , D. Höhne-Mönch , J. Hose , D. Hrupec , C. C. Hsu , T. Jogler , S. Klepser , T. Krähenbühl , D. Kranich , A. La Barbera , A. Laille , E. Leonardo , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , M. López , E. Lorenz , P. Majumdar , G. Maneva , N. Mankuzhiyil , K. Mannheim , L. Maraschi , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , D. Mazin , M. Meucci , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , H. Miyamoto , J. Moldón , M. Moles , A. Moralejo , D. Nieto , K. Nilsson , J. Ninkovic , R. Orito , I. Oya , S. Paiano , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , S. Partini , M Pasanen , D. Pascoli , F. Pauss , R. G. Pegna , M. A. Perez-Torres , M. Persic , L. Peruzzo , F. Prada , E. Prandini , N. Puchades , I. Puljak , I. Reichardt , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , M Rissi , S. Rügamer , A. Saggion , K. Saito , T. Y. Saito , M. Salvati , M. Sánchez-Conde , K. Satalecka , V. Scalzotto , V. Scapin , C. Schultz , T. Schweizer , M. Shayduk , S. N. Shore , A. Sierpowska-Bartosik , A. Sillanpää , J. Sitarek , D. Sobczynska , F. Spanier , S. Spiro , A. Stamerra , B. Steinke , J. C. Struebig , T. Suric , L. Takalo , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , T. Terzic , D. Tescaro , M. Teshima , D. F. Torres , H. Vankov , R. M. Wagner , Q. Weitzel , V. Zabalza , F. Zandanel , R. Zanin , A. Bulgarelli , W. Max-Moerbeck , G. Piano , G. Pooley , A. C. S. Readhead , J. L. Richards , S. Sabatini , E. Striani , M. Tavani , S. Trushkin

Recent progress in pushing the sensitivity of the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique into the 10 mCrab regime has enabled first sensitive observations of the innermost few 100 pc of the Milky Way in Very High Energy (VHE; >100 GeV)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christopher van Eldik