Related papers: Equilibria in the Troposphere
The atmospheres of synchronously rotating exoplanets are intrinsically three-dimensional, and fast vertical and horizontal winds are expected to mix the atmosphere, driving the chemical composition out of equilibrium. Due to the longer…
We study the energy flow between a one dimensional oscillator and a chaotic system with two degrees of freedom in the weak coupling limit. The oscillator's observables are averaged over an initially microcanonical ensemble of trajectories…
We extend the recently developed non-gaussian thermodynamic formalism \cite{tre98} of a (presumably strongly turbulent) non-Markovian medium to its most general form that allows for the formulation of a consistent thermodynamic theory. All…
The limit of small entropy production is reached in relaxing systems long after preparation, and in stationary driven systems in the limit of small driving power. Surprisingly, for extended systems this limit is not in general the…
Systems of particles interacting via inverse-power law potentials have an invariance with respect to changes in length and temperature, implying a correspondence in the dynamics and thermodynamics between different `isomorphic' sets of…
In solid-state electrochemical experiments, the boundary between the sample and the electrolyte plays a crucial role, and the rest of the sample acting as a buffer that maintains a fixed composition. Due to the presence of an…
Tropical limit for macroscopic systems in equilibrium defined as the formal limit of Boltzmann constant k going to 0 is discussed. It is shown that such tropical limit is well-adapted to analyse properties of systems with highly degenerated…
We investigate a coupled atmosphere-ocean model including the mechanical and thermodynamical interaction between the two fluids for the mid-latitudes. The formulation combines a multilayer quasi-geostrophic dynamical framework with…
The influence of the environment in the thermal equilibrium properties of a bipartite continuous variable quantum system is studied. The problem is treated within a system-plus-reservoir approach. The considered model reproduces the…
The gas and effective electron temperatures have been estimated for atmospheric microplasma by means of optical emission spectroscopy. The results have shown that the microplasma exhibits nonequilibrium and, as its size is reduced, the two…
Gravity can play a role in critical phenomena. Topological singularities induce ground state degeneracy and break the continuum symmetry of the vacuum. They also generate momenta oscillations about an average momentum and a positive…
This paper generalizes isomorph theory to systems that are not in thermal equilibrium. The systems are assumed to be R-simple, i.e., have a potential energy that as a function of all particle coordinates $\textbf{R}$ obeys the…
For open quantum systems coupled to a thermal bath at inverse temperature $\beta$, it is well known that under the Born-, Markov-, and secular approximations the system density matrix will approach the thermal Gibbs state with the bath…
Self-gravitating systems are expected to reach a statistical equilibrium state either through collisional relaxation or violent collisionless relaxation. However, a maximum entropy state does not always exist and the system may undergo a…
Chemical processes in closed systems are poorly controllable since they always relax to equilibrium. Living systems avoid this fate and give rise to a much richer diversity of phenomena by operating under nonequilibrium conditions. Recent…
An adiabatic transition between two equilibrium states corresponding to different stiffnesses in an infinite chain of particles is studied. Initially, the chain particles have random displacements and random velocities corresponding to a…
The thermodynamics of an electrically charged, multicomponent fluid with spontaneous electric dipoles and magnetic moments is analysed in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Taking into account the chemical composition of the current…
The climate and circulation of a terrestrial planet are governed by, among other things, the distance to its host star, its size, rotation rate, obliquity, atmospheric composition and gravity. Here we explore the effects of the last of…
The most probable state of an infinite self-gravitating gas in the dynamical equilibrium is defined by `gravitational haziness', a parameter representing many-body effects and formally like the temperature in the case of thermal…
The definition of a nonequilibrium temperature through generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations relies on the independence of the fluctuation-dissipation temperature from the observable considered. We argue that this observable…