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An established technique for the measurement of ultra-high-energy-cosmic-rays is the detection of the fluorescence light induced in the atmosphere of the Earth, by means of telescopes equipped with photomultiplier tubes. Silicon…

We report the discovery of faint very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the radio galaxy Centaurus A in observations performed with the H.E.S.S. experiment, an imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array consisting of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-17 HESS Collaboration , F. Aharonian

Large-scale underground water-Cherenkov neutrino observatories rely on single photon sensors whose sensitive area for Cherenkov photons one wants to maximise. Low dark noise rates and dense module spacing will thereby allow to substantially…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-26 Lukas Schulte , Markus Voge , Akos Hoffmann , Sebastian Böser , Lutz Köpke , Marek Kowalski

More than fifty extragalactic very high energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) sources have been found using ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, about twenty of which have been discovered using the H.E.S.S. (High Energy Stereoscopic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 J. -P. Lenain

The Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT) is a telescope concept proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array. It employs a dual-mirror optical design to remove comatic aberrations over an $8^{\circ}$ field of view, and a high-density silicon…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-17 C. B. Adams , R. Alfaro , G. Ambrosi , M. Ambrosio , C. Aramo , T. Arlen , P. I. Batista , W. Benbow , B. Bertucci , E. Bissaldi , J. Biteau , M. Bitossi , A. Boiano , C. Bonavolontà , R. Bose , A. Bouvier , A. Brill , A. M. Brown , J. H. Buckley , K. Byrum , R. A. Cameron , R. Canestrari , M. Capasso , M. Caprai , C. E. Covault , D. Depaoli , M. Errando , S. Fegan , Q. Feng , E. Fiandrini , G. Foote , P. Fortin , S. Funk , A. Furniss , F. Garfias , A. Gent , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , E. Giro , M. M. González , V. Guarino , R. Halliday , O. Hervet , J. Holder , G. Hughes , T. B. Humensky , M. Ionica , A. Iriarte , W. Jin , C. A. Johnson , P. Kaaret , D. Kieda , B. Kim , A. Kuznetsov , J. S. Lapington , F. Licciulli , S. Loporchio , V. Mason , K. Meagher , T. Meures , B. A. W. Mode , S. A. I. Mognet , R. Mukherjee , T. Nguyen , D. Nieto , A. Okumura , N. Otte , N. La Palombara , F. R. Pantaleo , R. Paoletti , G. Pareschi , A. Petrashyk , F. Di Pierro , E. Pueschel , P. T. Reynolds , D. Ribeiro , G. Richards , E. Roache , D. Ross , J. Rousselle , A. Rugliancich , J. Ruíz-Díaz-Soto , M. Santander , S. Schlenstedt , M. Schneider , S. Scuderi , R. Shang , G. Sironi , B. Stevenson , L. Stiaccini , H. Tajima , L. P. Taylor , J. Thornhill , L. Tosti , G. Tovmassian , V. Vagelli , M. Valentino , J. Vandenbroucke , V. V. Vassiliev , L. Di Venere , S. P. Wakely , J. J. Watson , R. White , P. Wilcox , D. A. Williams , M. Wood , P. Yu , A. Zink

Gamma-ray observations in the very-high-energy domain (E > 30 GeV) can exploit the imaging of few-nanosecond Cherenkov flashes from atmospheric particle showers. Photomultipliers have been used as the primary photosensors to detect…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Jonathan Biteau , David Chinn , Dennis Dang , Kevin Doyle , Caitlin A. Johnson , David A. Williams

Thanks to the use of advanced analysis techniques, the H.E.S.S. imaging Cherenkov telescope array has now reached a sensitivity level allowing the detection of sources with fluxes around 1% of the Crab with a limited observation time (less…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Hélène Laffon , Fabio Acero , Francois Brun , Bruno Khélifi , Gerd Pühlhofer , Régis Terrier

The Solar Tower Atmospheric Cherenkov Effect Experiment (STACEE) is an atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (ACT) that uses a large mirror array to achieve a relatively low energy threshold. For sources with Crab-like spectra, at high…

Halide perovskite semiconductors such as CsPbBr3 (CLB) are emerging gamma-ray detectors for applications requiring very high energy resolution and potential for fine detector segmentation. Semiconductor detectors typically offer poor time…

For several years the only experiments sensitive to astrophysical gamma rays with energies beyond the reach of EGRET but below that of the Cherenkov imaging telescopes have been the "solar tower" detectors. They use >2000 m2 mirror areas to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 David A. Smith

A novel photodetector based on a MCP-PMT vacuum tube with encapsulated CMOS ASIC has been tested at the CERN SPS high energy hadron beam, allowing single photon Cherenkov detection operating at 10$^4$ gain and with timing resolution of…

ANTARES is a neutrino telescope being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of a three dimensional array of photomultiplier tubes that can detect the Cherenkov light induced by charged particles produced in the interactions of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-27 M. Ageron , ANTARES Collaboration

H.E.S.S. -- The High Energy Stereoscopic System-- is a new system of large atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes for GeV/TeV Gamma-ray astronomy. This paper describes the trigger system of H.E.S.S. with emphasis on the multi-telescope array…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Funk , G. Hermann , J. Hinton , D. Berge , K. Bernloehr , W. Hofmann , P. Nayman , F. Toussenel , P. Vincent

The Cherenkov Telescope Array will provide unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution to gamma rays across orders of magnitude in energy. Above 1 TeV up to around 300 TeV an array of Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) will cover several…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-17 Richard White

The CAT imaging telescope, recently built on the site of the former solar plant Themis (French Pyrenees), observed gamma-rays from the Crab nebula from October 1996 to March 1997. This steady source, often considered as the standard candle…

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes are continuously exposed to varying weather conditions that have short and long-term effects on their response to Cherenkov light from extensive air showers. This work presents the implementation of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 M. Nievas Rosillo

The first Water Cherenkov detector of the LHAASO experiment (WCDA-1) has been operating since April, 2019. The first 10 months of data have been analyzed to test its performance by observing the Crab Nebula as a standard candle. The WCDA-1…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-12 LHAASO collaboration

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory project is proposed to study high energy gamma ray astronomy ( 40 GeV-1 PeV ) and cosmic ray physics ( 20 TeV-1 EeV ). The wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array, as a component of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 L. L. Ma , Y. X. Bai , Z. Cao , M. J. Chen , L. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , Y. Chen , K. Q. Ding , H. H. He , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , X. X. Li , X. H. Ma , X. D. Sheng , G. Xiao , M. Zha , S. S. Zhang , Y. Zhang , J. Zhao , B. Zhou

We report the first observations of an astronomical object using a superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) device, a pixel detector with intrinsic energy resolution in the optical wavelength range. The Crab pulsar was observed using a 6 times…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. C. Perryman , F. Favata , A. Peacock , N. Rando , B. G. Taylor