Related papers: Light Dragging, the Origin of Hubble's Constant
Using the relation between distance modulus $(m - M)$ and redshift $z$, deduced from Friedman- Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric and assuming different values of deceleration parameter $q_0$. We constrained the Hubble parameter $h$. The…
Hubble's law, which states a linear increase in velocities with distances, can physically be understood in terms of an acceleration cH. This work proposes a connection between this "universal" acceleration seen in the solar system and the…
The Etherington reciprocity theorem, or distance duality relation (DDR), relates the mutual scaling of cosmic distances in any metric theory of gravity where photons are massless and propagate on null geodesics. In this paper, we make use…
The Hubble constant $H_0$ is the value of the cosmic expansion rate at one time (the present), and cannot be adjusted successfully without taking into account the entire expansion history and cosmology. We outline some conditions, that if…
A physical process of the gravitational redshift was described in an earlier paper (Wilhelm & Dwivedi 2014) that did not require any information for the emitting atom neither on the local gravitational potential U nor on the speed of light…
We provide a consistency relation between cosmological observables in general relativity with the cosmological constant. Breaking of this relation at any redshift would imply the breakdown of the hypothesis of the cosmological constant as…
The local expansion rate of the Universe is parametrized by the Hubble constant, $H_0$, the ratio between recession velocity and distance. Different techniques lead to inconsistent estimates of $H_0$. Observations of Type Ia supernovae…
This paper discusses the methodology necessary to measure the Hubble constant Ho to a high degree of accuracy based upon Doppler tracking of spacecraft in the solar system. Using this methodology with available published data we determine a…
The discrepancy between low and high redshift Hubble constant $H_0$ measurements is the highest significance tension within the concordance $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. If not due to unknown systematics, the Hubble puzzle suggests a lack of…
Present day estimates of the Hubble constant based on Cepheids and on the cosmic microwave background radiation are uncertain by roughly 10% (on the conservative assumption that the universe may not be PERFECTLY flat). Gravitational lens…
Redshift drift is the phenomenon whereby the observed redshift between an emitter and observer comoving with the Hubble flow in an expanding FLRW universe will slowly evolve -- on a timescale comparable to the Hubble time. In a previous…
In most text books of mechanics, Newton's laws or Hamilton's equations of motion are first written down and then solved based on initial conditions to determine the constants of the motions and to describe the trajectories of the particles.…
The luminosity-redshift relation of cosmological standard candles provides information about the relative energy composition of our Universe. In particular, the observation of type Ia supernovae up to redshift of z~2 indicate a universe…
Phenomena currently attributed to Dark Energy (DE) and Dark Matter (DM) are merely a result of the interplay between gravitational energy density, generated by the contraction of space by matter, and the energy density of the Cosmological…
Vectorial analysis relating to derivation of deflection of light is presented. Curvilinear acceleration is distinguished from the Newtonian polar conic acceleration. The difference between the two is due to the curvature term. Lorentz…
By exploring the relationship between the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a gravitational field and the light propagation in a refractive medium, it is shown that, in the presence of a positive cosmological constant, the velocity of…
Taking a hint from Dirac's large number hypothesis, we note the existence of cosmologically combined conservation laws that work to cosmologically long time. We thus modify Einstein's theory of general relativity with fixed gravitation…
Long before the general theory of relativity was finally formulated in 1916, arguments based entirely on Einstein's equivalence principle predicted the well known phenomenon of the gravitational red shift. Precisely the same arguments are…
The Hubble law, widely considered the first observational basis for the expansion of the universe, may in the future be known as the Hubble-Lema\^itre law. This is what the General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union…
We show that it is possible to equate the intensity reduction of a light wave caused by weak absorption with a geometrical reduction in intensity caused by a "transverse" conformal transformation of the spacetime metric in which the wave…