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We present X-ray spectral analysis of the brightest sources (f_{2-10 keV}>10^{-15}$ cgs) in the Chandra Deep Field North. Our sample consists of 222 sources; for the vast majority (171) either a spectroscopic or a photometric redshift is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-02 I. Georgantopoulos , A. Akylas , A. Georgakakis , M. Rowan-Robinson

I present a review of X-ray and mid-IR surveys for Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). These are the most highly obscured sources having hydrogen column densities >1.5x10^24 cm-2. Key surveys in the local Universe are presented…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 I. Georgantopoulos

We present the results from an X-ray spectral analysis of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the Chandra Deep Field-South, AEGIS-XD and Chandra-COSMOS surveys, focussing on the identification and characterisation of the most heavily obscured,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Murray Brightman , Kirpal Nandra , Mara Salvato , Li-Ting Hsu , Cyprian Rangel

Compton-thick active galactic nuclei (CT-AGNs), defined by column density $\mathrm{N_H} \geqslant 1.5 \times 10^{24} \ \mathrm{cm}^{-2}$, are so heavily absorbed that their X-ray emission is often feeble, even undetectable by X-ray…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-08 Xiaotong Guo , Qiusheng Gu , Guanwen Fang , Shiying Lu , Fen Lyu , Yongyun Chen , Nan Ding , Mengfei Zhang , Xiaoling Yu , Hongtao Wang

A large population of heavily obscured, Compton Thick AGNs is predicted by models of galaxy formation, models of Cosmic X-ray Background and by the ``relic'' super-massive black-hole mass function measured from local bulges. However, so far…

Recently, Papadopoulos et al., 2010 using sub-mm CO molecular line observations of nearby ultra-luminous IRAS galaxies, (U)LIRGs, have found that exceptionally large gas column densities (N_H > 10^25 cm-2) can be present across some of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 I. Georgantopoulos , E. Rovilos , A. Akylas , E. Xilouris

We present new estimates on the fraction of heavily X-ray obscured, Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) out to a redshift of $z \leq$ 0.8. From a sample of 540 AGNs selected by mid-IR (MIR) properties in observed X-ray survey…

We present the X-ray spectroscopic study of the Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGN) population within the $\textit{Chandra}$ Deep Field South (CDF-S) by using the deepest X-ray observation to date, the $\textit{Chandra}$ 7 Ms…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-18 A. Corral , I. Georgantopoulos , A. Akylas , P. Ranalli

We constrain the number density and evolution of Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), and their contribution to the extragalactic X-ray background. In the local Universe we use the wide area surveys from the Swift and INTEGRAL…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 E. Treister , C. M. Urry , C. Cardamone , S. Virani , K. Schawinski , E. Gawiser

Using a suite of X-ray, mid-IR and optical active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity indicators, we search for Compton-thick (CT) AGNs with intrinsic L_X>10^42erg/s at z~0.03-0.2, a region of parameter space which is currently poorly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Andy Goulding , David Alexander , James Mullaney , Jonathan Gelbord , Ryan Hickox , Martin Ward , Mike Watson

Heavily obscured, Compton Thick (CT, NH>10^24 cm^-2) AGN may represent an important phase in AGN/galaxy co-evolution and are expected to provide a significant contribution to the cosmic X-ray background (CXB). Through direct X-ray spectra…

The Chandra Deep Field is the region of the sky with the highest concentration of X-ray data available: 4Ms of Chandra and 3Ms of XMM data, allowing excellent quality spectra to be extracted even for faint sources. We take advantage of this…

X-ray surveys provide the most efficient means for the detection of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). However, they face difficulties in detecting the most heavily obscured Compton-thick AGN. The BAT detector on board the Gehrels/Swift mission,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-25 A. Akylas , I. Georgantopoulos , P. Gandhi , P. Boorman , C. L. Greenwell

We report the discovery of a Compton-thick Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) at z=4.76 in the 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field South. This object was selected as a V-band dropout in HST/ACS images and previously recognized as an AGN from optical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 R. Gilli , J. Su , C. Norman , C. Vignali , A. Comastri , P. Tozzi , P. Rosati , M. Stiavelli , W. N. Brandt , Y. Q. Xue , B. Luo , M. Castellano , A. Fontana , F. Fiore , V. Mainieri , A. Ptak

We present the first results of the spectroscopy of distant, obscured AGN as obtained with the ultra-deep (~3.3 Ms) XMM-Newton survey in the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). One of the primary goals of the project is to characterize the…

Compton-thick active galactic nuclei (CT-AGNs), characterized by a significant absorption with column densities of $\mathrm{N_H}\geqslant 1.5\times 10^{24} \ \mathrm{cm}^{-2}$, emit feeble X-ray radiation and are even undetectable by X-ray…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-07 Xiaotong Guo , Qiusheng Gu , Guanwen Fang , Yongyun Chen , Nan Ding , Xiaoling Yu , Hongtao Wang

Compton Thick (CT) AGN are a key ingredient of Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) synthesis models, but are still an elusive component of the AGN population beyond the local Universe. Multi-wavelength surveys are the only way to find them at z >…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 G. Lanzuisi

The Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) arguably constitute the most elusive class of sources as they are absorbed by large column densities above logN_H(cm^-2)=24. These extreme absorptions hamper the detection of the central source…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-12 I. Georgantopoulos , E. Pouliasis , A. Ruiz , A. Akylas

We present a detailed X-ray spectral analysis of 1152 AGNs selected in the Chandra Deep Fields (CDFs), in order to identify highly obscured AGNs ($N_{\rm H} > 10^{23}\ \rm cm^{-2}$). By fitting spectra with physical models, 436 (38%)…

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