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Classical and quantum annealing are two heuristic optimization methods that search for an optimal solution by slowly decreasing thermal or quantum fluctuations. Optimizing annealing schedules is important both for performance and fair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-02 Daniel Herr , Ethan Brown , Bettina Heim , Mario Könz , Guglielmo Mazzola , Matthias Troyer

Quantum computing, along with quantum metrology and quantum communication, are disruptive technologies that promise, in the near future, to impact different sectors of academic research and industry. Among the computational challenges with…

This note shows how quantum entanglement may be simulated in classical computing. The simulated entanglement protocol is implemented using oblivious transfer in the simplest case and other many-to-one mappings in more general cases. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-11 Subhash Kak

Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms have important applications in counting problems and in machine learning problems, settings that involve estimating quantities that are difficult to compute exactly. How much can quantum computers speed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-10 Aram W. Harrow , Annie Y. Wei

Quantum Annealing, or Quantum Stochastic Optimization, is a classical randomized algorithm which provides good heuristics for the solution of hard optimization problems. The algorithm, suggested by the behaviour of quantum systems, is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-06 Diego de Falco , Dario Tamascelli

Simulated annealing - moving from a tractable distribution to a distribution of interest via a sequence of intermediate distributions - has traditionally been used as an inexact method of handling isolated modes in Markov chain samplers.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Radford M. Neal

We develop a recently introduced representation of quantum dynamics based on sampling negative Markov chain processes. By introducing particles and antiparticles, this formalism maps generic quantum dynamics onto a Markov process defined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Hugo Lóio , Jacopo De Nardis , Tony Jin

We review here the recent success in quantum annealing, i.e., optimization of the cost or energy functions of complex systems utilizing quantum fluctuations. The concept is introduced in successive steps through the studies of mapping of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-21 Arnab Das , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

Probing the lowest energy configuration of a complex system by quantum annealing was recently found to be more effective than its classical, thermal counterpart. Comparing classical and quantum Monte Carlo annealing protocols on the random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Giuseppe E. Santoro , Roman Martonak , Erio Tosatti , Roberto Car

Quantum annealing is a general strategy for solving difficult optimization problems with the aid of quantum adiabatic evolution. Both analytical and numerical evidence suggests that under idealized, closed system conditions, quantum…

Finding the global minimum in a rugged potential landscape is a computationally hard task, often equivalent to relevant optimization problems. Simulated annealing is a computational technique which explores the configuration space by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-10 Tobias Graß , Maciej Lewenstein

Reverse annealing is a relatively new variant of quantum annealing, in which one starts from a classical state and increases and then decreases the amplitude of the transverse field, in the hope of finding a better classical state than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Yu Yamashiro , Masaki Ohkuwa , Hidetoshi Nishimori , Daniel A. Lidar

Interpretational problems with quantum mechanics can be phrased precisely by only talking about empirically accessible information. This prompts a mathematical reformulation of quantum mechanics in terms of classical mechanics. We survey…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-31 Chris Heunen

It is possible to construct a classical, macroscopic system which has a mathematical structure that is exactly the same as that of a quantum mechanical system and which can be put into a state which is identical to quantum mechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-30 D. W. Snoke

In a recent study (Ref. [1]), quantum annealing was reported to exhibit a scaling advantage for approximately solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO). However, this claim critically depends on the choice of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 J. Pawlowski , P. Tarasiuk , J. Tuziemski , L. Pawela , B. Gardas

Although classical mechanics and quantum mechanics are separate disciplines, we live in a world where Planck's constant \hbar>0, meaning that the classical and quantum world views must actually {\it coexist}. Traditionally, canonical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 John R. Klauder

Invariance under translation is exploited to efficiently simulate one-dimensional quantum lattice systems in the limit of an infinite lattice. Both the computation of the ground state and the simulation of time evolution are considered.

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Vidal

D-Wave quantum annealers offer reverse annealing as a feature allowing them to refine solutions to optimization problems. This paper investigates the influence of key parameters, such as annealing times and reversal distance, on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Vrinda Mehta , Hans De Raedt , Kristel Michielsen , Fengping Jin

Quantum annealing is a proposed combinatorial optimization technique meant to exploit quantum mechanical effects such as tunneling and entanglement. Real-world quantum annealing-based solvers require a combination of annealing and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-30 Kenneth M. Zick , Omar Shehab , Matthew French

Exploiting quantum properties to outperform classical ways of information-processing is an outstanding goal of modern physics. A promising route is quantum simulation, which aims at implementing relevant and computationally hard problems in…