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In homogeneous cosmological models the wavelength $\lambda$ of a photon exchanged between two fundamental observers changes in proportion to expansion of the space $D$ between them, so $\Delta\log(\lambda / D) = 0$. This is exactly the same…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Nick Kaiser

The standard cosmological parallax--distance formula, as found in the literature, including text-books and reference books on cosmology, requires a correction. This correction stems from the fact that in the standard text-book derivation it…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-04 Ashok K. Singal

We propose a new algorithm for computing the luminosity distance in the flat universe with a cosmological constant based on Shchigolev's homotopy perturbation method, where the optimization idea is applied to prevent the arbitrariness of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 Bo Yu , Zi-Hua Wang , De-Zi Liu , Tong-Jie Zhang

Due to the expansion of our Universe, the redshift of distant objects changes with time. Although the amplitude of this redshift drift is small, it will be measurable with a decade-long campaigns on the next generation of telescopes. Here…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Chengyi Wang , Krzysztof Bolejko , Geraint F. Lewis

We consider light propagation in a spacetime whose kinematics allow weak birefringence, and whose dynamics have recently been derived by gravitational closure. Revisiting the definitions of luminosity and angular diameter distances in this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-06 Frederic P. Schuller , Marcus C. Werner

As the Universe expands, the redshift of distant sources changes with time. Here we discuss gravitational lensing phenomena that are consequence of the redshift drift between lensed source, gravitational lens, and observer. When the source…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-01 Giovanni Covone , Mauro Sereno

We review the use of photometric redshifts in the particular context of Gravitational Telescopes. We discuss on the possible application of such a technique to the study of both the faint population of distant sources and the properties of…

Gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries are known to be an excellent absolute distance indicator, yet it is unclear whether electromagnetic counterparts of these events are securely identified for measuring their redshifts,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Masamune Oguri

An improved formula for the timing of binary pulsars that accounts for the relativistic deflection of light in the gravitational field of the pulsar's companion is presented, and the measurability of this effect together with its variance…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Oleg Doroshenko , Sergei Kopeikin

We discuss a modified gravity model which fits cosmological observations at a level statistically indistinguishable from $\Lambda$CDM and at the same time predicts very large deviations from General Relativity (GR) in the propagation of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 Enis Belgacem , Yves Dirian , Andreas Finke , Stefano Foffa , Michele Maggiore

We introduce a formalism, valid both for dark matter and collapsed objects, that allows us to describe redshift space distortions in the context of the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structures (EFTofLSS). Expressing density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-08 Leonardo Senatore , Matias Zaldarriaga

The cosmological constant problem has become one of the most important ones in modern cosmology. In this paper, we try to construct a model that can avoid the cosmological constant problem and have the potential to explain the apparent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-26 Shuxun Tian

An extension of the theory of General Relativity is proposed, based on pseudo-complex space-time coordinates. The new theory corresponds to the introduction of two, in general different, metrics which are connected through specific…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 Peter O. Hess , Walter Greiner

It is a very well established matter nowadays that many modified gravity models can offer a sound alternative to General Relativity for the description of the accelerated expansion of the universe. But it is also equally well known that no…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-16 Ruth Lazkoz , María Ortiz-Baños , Vincenzo Salzano

Relativistic aberration influences apparent luminosities of objects moving with relativistic relative velocities. The superluminosity or dimming of incoming or receding jets ejected from Active Galactic Nuclei is believed to be the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Oleg Semyonov

We give distance--redshift relations in terms of elliptic integrals for three different mass distributions of the Friedmann-Lema\^\i tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology. These models are dynamically pressure free FLRW on large scales but,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Kantowski , J. K. Kao , R. C. Thomas

We present the second-order expression for the observed redshift, accounting for all the relativistic effects from the light propagation and from the frame change at the observer and the source positions. We derive the generic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-26 Giuseppe Fanizza , Jaiyul Yoo , Sang Gyu Biern

We re-derive a formula relating the areal and luminosity distances, entirely in the framework of the classical Maxwell theory, assuming a geometric-optics type condition.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Edward Malec , Grzegorz Wylȩżek , Janusz Karkowski

We study the behavior of light rays in perturbed Robertson-Walker cosmologies, calculating the redshift between an observer and the surface of last scattering to second order in the metric perturbation. At first order we recover the classic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ted Pyne , Sean M. Carroll

In this paper, we use the metric coefficients and the equation of motion in the 2nd post-Newtonian approximation in scalar-tensor theory including intermediate range gravity to derive the deflection of light and compare it with previous…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Peng Dong , Wei-Tou Ni