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X-Ray imaging is quick, cheap and useful for front-line care assessment and intra-operative real-time imaging (e.g., C-Arm Fluoroscopy). However, it suffers from projective information loss and lacks vital volumetric information on which…
There are many instances when the structure of a weakly-scattering spinning object in flight must be determined to high resolution. Examples range from comets to nanoparticles and single molecules. The latter two instances are the subject…
A practical method utilising three-dimensional image pattern matching is proposed which, in principle, is capable of unambiguous determination of the types and positions of atoms in small molecules from defocus series collected at only a…
A quasiperiodic packing Q of interpenetrating copies of C, most of them only partially occupied, can be defined in terms of the strip projection method for any icosahedral cluster C. We show that in the case when the coordinates of the…
Computed tomography is a widely used imaging modality with applications ranging from medical imaging to material analysis. One major challenge arises from the lack of scanning information at certain angles, resulting in distortion or…
We propose approaches based on deep learning to localize objects in images when only a small training dataset is available and the images have low quality. That applies to many problems in medical image processing, and in particular to the…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…
We present an icosahedral quasicrystal as a modification of the icosagrid, a multigrid with 10 plane sets that are arranged with icosahedral symmetry. We use the Fibonacci chain to space the planes, thereby obtaining a quasicrystal with…
We introduce a topology ${\cal T}$ on the space $U$ of uniformly discrete subsets of the Euclidean space. Assume that $S$ in $U$ admits a unique autocorrelation measure. The diffraction measure of $S$ is purely atomic if and only if $S$ is…
Quasicrystals are fascinating structures, characterized by strong positional order but lacking the periodicity of a crystal. In colloidal systems, quasicrystals are typically predicted for particles with complex or highly specific…
X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH) is a method for obtaining diffraction-limited images of the local atomic structure around a given type of emitter. The reconstructed wave-field represents a distorted image of the scatterer electron…
We reconstruct the dark matter density field from spatially overlapping spectroscopic and photometric redshift catalogs through a forward modelling approach. Instead of directly inferring the underlying density field, we find the best…
Decomposition of tomographic reconstructions has many different practical application. We propose two new reconstruction methods that combines the task of tomographic reconstruction with object decomposition. We demonstrate these…
To recover the three dimensional (3D) volumetric distribution of matter in an object, images of the object are captured from multiple directions and locations. Using these images tomographic computations extract the distribution. In highly…
We discuss coherent and incoherent $\phi$ meson photoproduction off the deuteron at low energy and small momentum transfer with the aim to check whether the recent experimental data need for their interpretation the inclusion of exotic…
Knowledge gained through X-ray crystallography fostered structural determination of materials and greatly facilitated the development of modern science and technology in the past century. Atomic details of sample structures is achievable by…
This work is concerned with applying iterative image reconstruction, based on constrained total-variation minimization, to low-intensity X-ray CT systems that have a high sampling rate. Such systems pose a challenge for iterative image…
The method of spectral disentangling has now created the opportunity for studying the chemical composition in previously inaccessible components of binary and multiple stars. This in turn makes it possible to trace their chemical evolution,…
We present a scheme to identify quasicrystals based on powder diffraction data and to provide a standardized indexing. We apply our scheme to a large catalog of powder diffraction patterns, including natural minerals, to look for new…
Limited-angle tomography is a highly ill-posed linear inverse problem. It arises in many applications, such as digital breast tomosynthesis. Reconstructions from limited-angle data typically suffer from severe stretching of features along…