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Quantum key distribution (QKD) exploits the quantum nature of light to share provably secure keys, allowing secure communication in the presence of an eavesdropper. The first QKD schemes used photons encoded in two states, such as…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) stands as a revolutionary approach to secure communication, using the principles of quantum mechanics to establish unbreakable channels. Unlike traditional cryptography, which relies on the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Alec L. Riso , Karthik Thyagarajan , Connor Whiting , Katherine Jimenez

Quantum state tomography is a central technique for the characterization and verification of quantum systems. Standard tomography is widely used for low-dimensional systems, but for larger systems, it becomes impractical due to the…

It has previously been shown that quantum state tomography can be used to increase the key rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) for the special case of qubits (i.e.,d=2). Here, we consider the case of higher dimensions, i.e., qudits, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-27 Yongtao Zhan , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Recently quantum tomography has been proposed as a fundamental tool for prototyping a few qubit quantum device. It allows the complete reconstruction of the state produced from a given input into the device. From this reconstructed density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. T. Thew , K. Nemoto , A. G. White , W. J. Munro

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) has become an essential technology in the realm of secure communication, with applications ranging from secure data transmission to quantum networks. This paper presents a simple, compact, and cost-effective…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-10-01 Pedro Neto Mendes , Paulo André , Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro

A new method of quantum state tomography for quantum information processing is described. The method based on two-dimensional Fourier transform technique involves detection of all the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ranabir Das , T. S. Mahesh , Anil Kumar

We experimentally demonstrate a programmable parametric mode sorter of high-dimensional signals in a composite spatiotemporal Hilbert space through mode-selective quantum frequency up-conversion. As a concrete example and with quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-09 Malvika Garikapati , Santosh Kumar , He Zhang , Yong Meng Sua , Yu-Ping Huang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols most often use two conjugate bases in order to verify the security of the quantum channel. In the majority of protocols, these bases are mutually unbiased to one another, which is to say they are…

Quantum tomography is an essential experimental tool for testing any quantum technology implementations. Transverse spatial quantum states of light play a key role in many experiments in the field of quantum information as well as in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 K. S. Kravtsov , A. K. Zhutov , S. P. Kulik

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) allows two parties to generate multiple secure bits of information per detected photon. In this work, we show that decoy state protocols can be practically implemented for HD-QKD using only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-02 Darius Bunandar , Zheshen Zhang , Jeffrey H. Shapiro , Dirk R. Englund

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has convincingly been proven compatible with real life applications. Its wide-scale deployment in optical networks will benefit from an optical platform that allows miniature devices capable of encoding the…

In this work we propose a simple optical architecture, based on phase-only programmable spatial light modulators, in order to characterize general processes on photonic spatial quantum systems in a $d>2$ Hilbert space. We demonstrate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-27 Juan José Miguel Varga , Lorena Rebón , Quimey Pears Stefano , Claudio Iemmi

Quantum nanophotonics merges the precision of nanoscale light manipulation with the capabilities of quantum technologies, offering a pathway for enhanced light-matter interaction and compact realization of quantum devices. Here, we show how…

We propose a new scheme for parallel spatially multimode quantum memory for light. The scheme is based on the propagating in different directions quantum signal wave and strong classical reference wave, like in a classical volume hologram…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-02 Denis V. Vasilyev , Ivan V. Sokolov

Hybrid encodings, where multiple degrees of freedom are used to encode quantum information, can increase the size of the Hilbert space with minimal increase to hardware requirements. We show a reprogrammable integrated photonic device, with…

The security of conventional cryptography systems is threatened in the forthcoming era of quantum computers. Quantum key distribution (QKD) features fundamentally proven security and offers a promising option for quantum-proof cryptography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-29 Nurul T. Islam , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Clinton Cahall , Jungsang Kim , Daniel J. Gauthier

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to exchange a provably secure key for cryptographic applications. In prepare-and-measure QKD protocols, the states must be indistinguishable to prevent information leakage to an eavesdropper…

In recent years, there has been a rising interest in high-dimensional quantum states and their impact on quantum communication. Indeed, the availability of an enlarged Hilbert space offers multiple advantages, from larger information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-17 Daniele Cozzolino , Beatrice Da Lio , Davide Bacco , Leif Katsuo Oxenløwe

Sorting quantum fields into different modes according to their Fock-space quantum numbers is a highly desirable quantum operation. In this Letter, we show that a pair of two-level emitters, chirally coupled to a waveguide, may scatter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Fan Yang , Mads M. Lund , Thomas Pohl , Peter Lodahl , Klaus Mølmer