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Spacecraft and ground-based observations show that the main rings of Saturn lack particles larger than 10 m. Tidal or collisional destruction of satellites/comets have been proposed as the origin of the main rings; however, Saturn's tide…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-12 Naoyuki Hirata , Ryuji Morishima , Keiji Ohtsuki , Akiko M. Nakamura

This study is motivated by the observation, based on photographs from the Cassini mission, that Saturn's rings have a fractal structure in radial direction. Accordingly, two questions are considered: (1) What Newtonian mechanics argument in…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-05-04 Anatoliy Malyarenko , Martin Ostoja-Starzewski

Catastrophic collisions between proto-satellites have been proposed as a possible origin of Saturn's rings. This argument relies on the concept of the equivalent circular orbit. Here, we re-examine the post-impact dynamical evolution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Ryuki Hyodo , Naoya Torii

The origin and evolution of Saturn's rings is critical to understanding the Saturnian system as a whole. Here, we discuss the physical and chemical composition of the rings, as a foundation for evolutionary models described in subsequent…

This chapter of the book Planetary Ring Systems addresses the origin of planetary rings, one of the least understood processes related to planet formation and evolution. Whereas rings seem ubiquitous around giant planets, their great…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 S. Charnoz , R. M. Canup , A. Crida , L. Dones

Recent analyses have shown that the concluding stages of giant planet formation are accompanied by the development of large-scale meridional flow of gas inside the planetary Hill sphere. This circulation feeds a circumplanetary disk that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-27 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

The building blocks of Titan and Enceladus are believed to have formed in a late-stage circumplanetary disk around Saturn. Evaluating the evolution of the abundances of volatile species in this disk as a function of the migration, growth,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-08 Sarah Anderson , Olivier Mousis , Thomas Ronnet

Recent observations suggest ongoing planet formation in the innermost parsec of our Galaxy. The super-massive black hole (SMBH) might strip planets or planetary embryos from their parent star, bringing them close enough to be tidally…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-27 Alessandro Alberto Trani , Michela Mapelli , Mario Spera , Alessandro Bressan

Over the past few decades, various conjectures were advanced that Saturn's rings are Cantor-like sets, although no convincing fractal analysis of actual images has ever appeared. We focus on the images sent by the Cassini spacecraft…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-03 Jun Li , Martin Ostoja-Starzewski

Context: As a result of Titan's migration and Saturn's probable capture in secular spin-orbit resonance, recent works show that Saturn's obliquity could be steadily increasing today and may reach large values in the next billions of years.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 Melaine Saillenfest , Giacomo Lari

A large disruption in the main asteroid belt can cause a large flux, an "asteroid shower", on the terrestrial planets. We quantitatively examine the hypothesis that such an event was the cause of the lunar late heavy bombardment (LHB). We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Takashi Ito , Renu Malhotra

Based on the planet-satellite dynamics, a new perspective on the birth and evolution of the Solar System was proposed in 2004. This new perspective has 1:2 Mean Motion Resonance (1:2 MMR, that is Ps/Pj = 2) implicit in itself . This paper…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-08-01 Bijay Kumar Sharma

An episode of dynamical instability is thought to have sculpted the orbital structure of the outer solar system. When modeling this instability, a key constraint comes from Jupiter's fifth eccentric mode (quantified by its amplitude M55),…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Mattthew S. Clement , Sean N. Raymond , Nathan A. Kaib , Rogerio Deienno , John E. Chambers , Andre Izidoro

Saturn's rings, reminiscent of an early Solar System present a unique opportunity to investigate experimentally some mechanisms thought to be responsible for planet and planetesimal formation in protoplanetary discs. Here we extended the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Phil J Sutton , Feo Kusmartsev

The formation of Saturn is modeled by detailed numerical simulations according to the core-nucleated accretion scenario. Previous models are enhanced to include the dissolution of accreting planetesimals, composed of water ice, rock, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-25 Peter Bodenheimer , David J. Stevenson , Jack J. Lissauer , Gennaro D'Angelo

A giant impact has been proposed as a possible formation mechanism for Jupiter's dilute core -- the planet's inferred internal structure in which the transition between its core of heavy elements and its predominantly hydrogen-helium…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-28 T. D. Sandnes , V. R. Eke , J. A. Kegerreis , R. J. Massey , L. F. A. Teodoro

The fluid dynamics in planet Saturn gives rise to alternating east-west jet streams, large cyclonic and anticyclonic vortices, and a dipole-dominant magnetic field which is highly axisymmetric about the planetary rotation axis. Modelling…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-22 Rakesh Kumar Yadav , Hao Cao , Jeremy Bloxham

The origin of the regular satellites ties directly to planetary formation in that the satellites form in gas and dust disks around the giant planets and may be viewed as mini-solar systems, involving a number of closely related underlying…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ignacio Mosqueira , Paul R. Estrada , Diego Turrini

The determination of Saturn's atmospheric noble gas abundances are critical to understanding the formation and evolution of Saturn, and giant planets in general. These measurements can only be performed with an entry probe. A Saturn probe…

Numerous land and space-based observations have established that Saturn has a persistent hexagonal flow pattern near its north pole. While observations abound, the physics behind its formation is still uncertain. Although several…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-07-20 Rakesh Kumar Yadav , Jeremy Bloxham