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This is an attempt to create a consistent and non-trivial extension of quantum theory, describing in detail the quantum measurement process. A tentative but concrete model is presented, based on the concept of multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose L Balduz

The Born rule provides a fundamental connection between theory and observation in quantum mechanics, yet its origin remains a mystery. We consider this problem within the context of quantum optics using only classical physics and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Brian R. La Cour , Morgan C. Williamson

The linear mathematics of quantum mechanics gives many versions of reality instead of the single version we perceive, with the perceived version chosen at random according to a probability law. Because of these peculiarities, the theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-23 Casey Blood

This is a tutorial for the many-worlds theory by Everett, which includes some of my personal views. It has two main parts.The first main part shows the emergence of many worlds in a universe consisting of only a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-15 Biao Wu

In Everett's many worlds interpretation, where quantum measurements are seen as decoherence events, inexact decoherence may let large worlds mangle the memories of observers in small worlds, creating a cutoff in observable world size. I…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robin Hanson

The very old problem of the statistical content of quantum mechanics (QM) is studied in a novel framework. The Born's rule (one of the basic postulates of QM) is derived from theory of classical random signals. We present a measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-29 Andrei Khrennikov

The Born rule postulates that the probability of measurement in quantum mechanics is related to the squared modulus of the wave function $\psi$. We rearrange the equation for energy eigenfunctions to define the energy as the real part of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-19 Nikodem Popławski , Michael Del Grosso

This paper describes a simple, causally deterministic model of quantum measurement based on an amplitude threshold detection scheme. Surprisingly, it is found to reproduce many phenomena normally thought to be uniquely quantum in nature. To…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-28 Brian R. La Cour

Complex phase factors are viewed not only as redundancies of the quantum formalism but instead as remnants of unitary transformations under which the probabilistic properties of observables are invariant. It is postulated that a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Fritiof Wallentin

Quantum theory is formulated as the only consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if there are two different ways to compute an amplitude the two answers must agree. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Ariel Caticha

Contrary to an oft-made claim, there can be observational distinctions (say for the expansion of the universe or the cosmological constant) between "single-history" quantum theories and "many-worlds" quantum theories. The distinctions occur…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Don N. Page

This chapter reexamines wave function realism (WFR) through the lens of phenomenology. We begin by situating WFR within the broader debate about the ontology of the quantum state and the temptation to "read off" metaphysics from…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Philipp Berghofer , Harald A. Wiltsche

I propose a new class of interpretations, {\it real world interpretations}, of the quantum theory of closed systems. These interpretations postulate a preferred factorization of Hilbert space and preferred projective measurements on one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-24 Adrian Kent

We consider how to define a natural probability distribution over worlds within a simple class of deterministic many-worlds theories. This can help us understand the typical properties of worlds within such states, and hence explain the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 Anthony J. Short

The Born rule assigns a probability to any possible outcome of a quantum measurement, but leaves open the question how these probabilities are to be interpreted and, in particular, how they relate to the outcome observed in an actual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Daniela Frauchiger , Renato Renner

The interpretation of the squared norm as probability and the apparent stochastic nature of observation in quantum mechanics are derived from the strong law of large numbers and the algebraic properties of infinite sequences of simultaneous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert A. Van Wesep

Since the 1970s, the Everett-Wheeler many-worlds interpretation (MWI) of Quantum Mechanics (1955) has been much in the news. One wonders about the worlds in question, their branches, their splittings, their number. It is most often ignored…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-01-14 Daniel Parrochia

In this brief note, we argue that contrarily to what is still often stated, the Everett many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics is not in principle impossible to test. It is actually not more difficult (but not easier either) to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-01 Aurelien Barrau

Quantum coherence is a fundamental common trait of quantum phenomena, from the interference of matter waves to quantum degeneracy of identical particles. Despite its importance, estimating and measuring quantum coherence in generic, mixed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-17 Irénée Frérot , Tommaso Roscilde

In the standard quantum theory, one can measure precisely only a subset of the incompatible observables. It results in lack of a formal joint probability defining objective realism even if we accept nonlocal or certain faster-than-light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-01 Adam Bednorz