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In this paper, we study the nature of entanglement in quantum Grover's and Shor's algorithms. So far, the authors who have been interested in this problem have approached the question quantitatively by introducing entanglement measures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-25 Hamza Jaffali , Frédéric Holweck

In ensemble (or bulk) quantum computation, measurements of qubits in an individual computer cannot be performed. Instead, only expectation values can be measured. As a result of this limitation on the model of computation, various important…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Oscar Boykin , Tal Mor , Vwani Roychowdhury , Farrokh Vatan

This work is a tutorial on Shor's factoring algorithm by means of a worked out example. Some basic concepts of Quantum Mechanics and quantum circuits are reviewed. It is intended for non-specialists which have basic knowledge on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Lavor , L. R. U. Manssur , R. Portugal

We show in some detail how to implement Shor's efficient quantum algorithm for discrete logarithms for the particular case of elliptic curve groups. It turns out that for this problem a smaller quantum computer can solve problems further…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 John Proos , Christof Zalka

We investigate how to attack Shor's quantum algorithm for factorization with an entangling probe. We show that an attacker can steal an exact solution of Shor's algorithm outside an institute where the quantum computer is installed if he…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-25 Hiroo Azuma

Shor's algorithm for the prime factorization of numbers provides an exponential speedup over the best known classical algorithms. However, nontrivial practical applications have remained out of reach due to experimental limitations. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Abu Musa Patoary , Amit Vikram , Victor Galitski

We prove a lower bound on the probability of Shor's order-finding algorithm successfully recovering the order $r$ in a single run. The bound implies that by performing two limited searches in the classical post-processing part of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-07 Martin Ekerå

Integer factorization has been one of the cornerstone applications of the field of quantum computing since the discovery of an efficient algorithm for factoring by Peter Shor. Unfortunately, factoring via Shor's algorithm is well beyond the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-28 Eric R. Anschuetz , Jonathan P. Olson , Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Yudong Cao

The construction of large, coherent quantum systems necessary for quantum computation remains an entreating but elusive goal, due to the ubiquitous nature of decoherence. Recent progress in quantum error correction schemes have given new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Isaac L. Chuang , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Factoring large integers using a quantum computer is an outstanding research problem that can illustrate true quantum advantage over classical computers. Exponential time order is required in order to find the prime factors of an integer by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-13 Avinash Dash , Deepankar Sarmah , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

A number of elegant approaches have been developed for the identification of quantum circuits which can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. Recently, these methods have been employed to demonstrate the classical simulability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 Daniel E. Browne

The discrete logarithm problem (DLP) over finite fields, commonly used in classical cryptography, has no known polynomial-time algorithm on classical computers. However, Shor has provided its polynomial-time algorithm on quantum computers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Kaito Kishi , Junpei Yamaguchi , Tetsuya Izu , Noboru Kunihiro

A common starting point of traditional quantum algorithm design is the notion of a universal quantum computer with a scalable number of qubits. This convenient abstraction mirrors classical computations manipulating finite sets of symbols,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Lukas Brenner , Libor Caha , Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Robert Koenig

We present a novel and efficient in terms of circuit depth design for Shor's quantum factorization algorithm. The circuit effectively utilizes a diverse set of adders based on the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) Draper's adders to build…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-05 Archimedes Pavlidis , Dimitris Gizopoulos

We consider a probabilistic quantum implementation of a variable of the Pocklington-Lehmer $N-1$ primality test using Shor's algorithm. O($\log^3 N \log\log N \log\log\log N$) elementary q-bit operations are required to determine the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 H. F. Chau , H. -K. Lo

In this paper, we briefly discuss the methodology for simulating a quantum computer which performs Shor's algorithm on a 7-qubit system to factorise 15. Using this simulation and the overlooked quantum brachistochrone method, we devised a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-25 Vlad Cărare , Alejandro Cros Carrillo de Albornoz , John Taylor

The objective of this paper concerns at first the motivation and the method of Shor's algorithm including an excursion into quantum mechanics and quantum computing introducing an algorithmic description of the method. The corner stone of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Gérard Fleury , Philippe Lacomme

For a one-dimensional chain of four nuclear spins (1/2) and taking into account first and second neighbor interactions among the spin system, we make the numerical simulation of Shor prime factorization algorithm of the integer number N=4…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gustavo V. Lopez , Lorena Lara

We show that under the matrix product state formalism the states produced in Shor's algorithm can be represented using O(max($4lr^2$, $2^{2l}$)) space, where l is the number of bits in the number to factorise, and r is the order and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-02 David S. Wang , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

In quantum information processing (QIP), the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) has a plethora of applications [1] [2] [3]: Shor's algorithm and phase estimation are just a few well-known examples. Shor's quantum factorization algorithm, one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-03 Shlomo Kashani , Maryam Alqasemi , Jacob Hammond
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