Related papers: Topological defects in two-dimensional crystals
Liquid crystals are assemblies of rod-like molecules which self-organize to form mesophases, in-between ordinary liquids and anisotropic crystals. At each point, the molecules collectively orient themselves along a privileged direction,…
Growing experimental evidence indicates that topological defects could serve as organizing centers in the morphogenesis of tissues. Here, we provide a quantitative explanation for this phenomenon, rooted in the buckling theory of deformable…
Point-like topological defects are singular configurations that occur in a variety of in and out of equilibrium systems with two-dimensional orientational order. As they are associated with a nonzero circuitation condition, the presence of…
We study solvable deformations of two-dimensional quantum field theories driven by a bilinear operator constructed from a pair of conserved $U(1)$ currents $J^a$. We propose a quantum formulation of these deformations, based on the gauging…
Defect modes in two-dimensional periodic photonic structures have found use in a highly diverse set of optical devices. For example, photonic crystal cavities confine optical modes to subwavelength volumes and can be used for Purcell…
We perform Langevin dynamics simulations and use polygon construction method to investigate two-dimensional (2D) melting and freezing transitions in many-particle Yukawa systems. 2D melting transitions can be characterized as proliferation…
The homotopy theory of topological defects in ordered media fails to completely characterize systems with broken translational symmetry. We argue that the problem can be understood in terms of the lack of rotational Goldstone modes in such…
The field of topological photonics emerged as one of the most promising areas for applications in transformative technologies: possible applications are in topological lasers or quantum optics interfaces. Nevertheless, efficient and simple…
With the rapid development of topological states in crystals, the study of topological states has been extended to quasicrystals in recent years. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of topological states in quasicrystals,…
Motivated by recent studies of fractons, we demonstrate that elasticity theory of a two-dimensional quantum crystal is dual to a fracton tensor gauge theory, providing a concrete manifestation of the fracton phenomenon in an ordinary solid.…
We study experimentally and theoretically the properties of structural defects (kink solitons) in two-dimensional ion Coulomb crystals. We show how different types of kink solitons with different physical properties can be realized, and…
It is shown theoretically that a one-dimensional crystal with time reversal symmetry is characterized by a Z_{2} topological invariant that predicts the existence or otherwise of edge states. This is confirmed experimentally through the…
We investigate experimentally and numerically the defect configurations emerging when a cholesteric liquid crystal is confined to a spherical shell. We uncover a rich scenario of defect configurations, some of them non-existent in nematic…
Almost all available results in elasticity on curved topographies are obtained within either a small curvature expansion or an empirical covariant generalization that accounts for screening between Gaussian curvature and disclinations. In…
Topological defects play an important role in physics of elastic media and liquid crystals. Their kinematics is determined by constraints of topological origin. An example is the glide motion of dislocations which has been extensively…
Topological defects can appear whenever there is some type of ordering. Its ubiquity in nature has been the subject of several studies, from early Universe to condensed matter. In this work, we investigated the annihilation dynamics of…
Recent experimental observations have suggested that topological defects can facilitate the creation of sharp features in developing embryos. Whereas these observations echo established knowledge about the interplay between geometry and…
Topological defects are found in a variety of systems, and their existence are robust under perturbations due to their topological nature. Here we introduce a new type of topological defects found in electromagnetic waves: topological spin…
We calculate mean square deviations for crystals in one and two dimensions. For the two dimensional lattices, we consider several distinct geometries (i.e. square, triangular, and honeycomb), and we find the same essential phenomena for…
When a nematic liquid crystal is confined in a porous medium with strong anchoring conditions, topological defects, called disclinations, are stably formed with numerous possible configurations. Since the energy barriers between them are…